8.4 & 8.5 - Business Structures Flashcards
Under this type of entity, one person owns the business and manages all of its affairs. It is not considered an entity separate from the business. There is also no formality required to form this entity.
Sole proprietorship
Under this entity, the owner is personally liable for all obligations of the business. The entity cannot exist beyond the life of the entity. For tax purposes profits and losses from the business flow through the business to the owner. The owner is free to transfer their interest at will.
Sole proprietorship
This entity is formed whenever two or more people intend to carry on as co-owners a business for profit.
General partnership
Under this entity, there are no papers needed to be drawn up to form this. Nothing needs to be filed with the state, and an express agreement is not required. An agreement can be implied from conduct.
General partnership
The key difference between a joint venture and a general partnership is that a joint venture:
If formed for a single transaction or project or a related series of transactions or projects
If it is unclear whether the parties intended to enter into a partnership,
An agreement to share profits gives rise to a presumption that the parties intended to form a partnership
As a general rule, a general partnership agreement need not be in writing. However, if the partners ant to enforce an agreement to remain partners for longer than one year:
A writing is required under the statute of frauds
What is necessary to form a general partnership?
Two or more people who agree to carry on as co-owners of a business for profit
This type of entity is treated as entities for most purposes but are not taxable entities for income tax purposes:
General partnership
How are rights to manage the general partnership business divided? How is voting power divided in the general partnership business?
All partners have equal rights
It is not based on the amount contributed unless stated an agreement
Decisions regarding matters within the ordinary course of the partnership’s business my be controlled by:
Majority vote
Matters outside the ordinary course of the partnership business require:
Consent of all the partners
Examples of areas requiring unanimous consent under a general partnership are:
Admitting new partners
Confessing a judgement or submitting a claim to arbitration
Making a fundamental change (selling the partnership)
As a general rule, do partners have a right to possess or use partnership property other than for partnership purposes?
No
What happens when a partner assigns their interest in the profits and surplus of the partnership?
The assignee does not become a partner and has no right to attend meetings, vote, etc. just waits for a check in the mail
A creditor of an individual parter may do what?
Obtain from a court a charging order against an individual partner’s share of profits
What happens to a partnership when a partner dies?
Their right to profits vests in their heirs. The right to partnership property vests in the surviving partners
Are partners personally liable for all contracts enters into and al torts committed by other partners within the scope of partnership business or which are otherwise authorized?
Yes
The partner’s liability is:
Joint and several
What does the partners liability is joint and several mean?
That each partner is personally an individually liable for the entire amount of all partnership obligations
How to partners in a partnership share profits and losses?
Equally unless the agreement states something contrary
Are partners entitled to compensation for services rendered to the partnership?
No, unless agreed otherwise
A change in the relationship of the partners caused by any partner ceasing to be associated in the carrying on of the business
Dissociation
This does not necessarily cause a dissolution (winding up of the business)
Dissociation