Lecture 17 Attachment and Autonomy: Level 2 constructs that w learn in our Family November 5

Question 1

how many people have secure relationships

Answer 1

60%

Question 2

how many people have avoidant relationships

Answer 2

25%

Question 3

how many people have dependent relationships

Answer 3

15%

Question 4

how is secure related to the big 5

Answer 4

Low N, High E (esp SD), High A

Question 5

how is anxious related to the big 5

Answer 5

Very High N

Question 6

how is avoidant related to the big 5

Answer 6

Low E, Low A

Question 7

what predicts relational outcomes better; Big 5 or attachment styles

Answer 7

Moderate empirical overlap, but ** attachment styles predict relational outcomes better than Big 5 traits.

Question 8

what is The grand theory of John Bowlby

Answer 8

origins of attachment thought to be between mother and child

“A complex, instinctually guided behavioral system that has functioned throughout human evolution to protect infants from predators.” (we are biologically wired fr attachment)

Secondary Proposition:
Emotion regulation (protects child from internal stressors as well as (fear especially) assess by looking at how mother reacts to child's fear

Question 9

what is the Attachment in development

Answer 9

Normative patterns (by end of year 1 there is some sort of attachment)

Failure to attach? (genetic and not likely good for their future (perhaps autism))

Question 10

what is a secure attachment based on

Answer 10

trust, exploration, base.

Question 11

what is an insecure attachment based on

Answer 11

distrust, anxiety, pessimism.
- infants programmed to be fearful of strangers/separation! The way parents manage the normal fear is how the child will form attachments

Question 12

how to assess infant attachment?

Answer 12

Strange Situation for 12-18 mth old

reaction to stranger & returning mom

Question 13

what is the other category of D babies

Answer 13

disorganized babies- v. rare (less than 1%), kids growing up with neglectful/abusive parents

worst outcome is D babies

Question 14

what are the traits of a mother that influence attachment

Answer 14

Consistent
Sensitive
Responsive 
Attentive
Not Interfering or controlling

Question 15

what are the important actions of a mother when the infant is 3 months

Answer 15

Resp. to crying;
Affection w holding;
Enter room;
Feeding

Question 16

What Developmental Outcomes Are Associated with Security of Attachment?

Answer 16

Exploration
Task Mastery
Emotional Adaptation (in preschool/daycare)
Social Adaptation

Question 17

what is meant by mothers are supposed to be a secure base and safe haven

Answer 17

secure base- check in with mom, then go and explore again

safe heaven- place to be protected

Question 18

what are the results of the study;
Simpson et al.,2007

Infant attachment;

Peer competence in teacher reports grades 1,2,3

Age 16 interview about security in closest friendships

Age 23 assessment:

Emotional Tone of relationship;
Observation during conflict resolution;
Observation during collaborative task.

Answer 18

infant attachment strongly associated with peer competence

peer competence associated with security at age 16

security at age 16 strongly associated with romaji relationship

Question 19

what are the conclusions

Answer 19

“Our experiences in adult relationships appear to be tied in significant and meaningful ways to experiences rooted in earlier relationships and stages of development.”
(starts with mother attachment 12-18months)

but, strongest and most direct impact on the stage that immediately follows

Question 20

Childhood attachment and adult personality?

Answer 20

Minnesota Longit Study of Risk & Adaptation
271 first time mothers living below poverty line (high risk; worry that their children would fail and secure attachment);
48% teenagers, 65% single, 42% no HS education.
170 individuals followed 32 years since birth.
Infant Attachment assessed at 12 and 18 (% secure was lower than normal 65%…was about 45%) months
Big 5 traits measured at age 32
Controlled for education levels of mother

Question 21

how are attachment styles relating to the big 5

Answer 21

sig relationships;
pos A
pos C
neg N

no relationship for
E and O

Question 22

Stability of romantic attachment Q’s?

Answer 22

Over time. r = .30.
Across Partners. r = .40
Selecting Mates? (if have different romantic parters, level of attachment may be different, securely attached adults pair of with severe adults
Parenting our own children? (same as way your parental (if security))

Question 23

What is inaccurate about these clips? for love actually

Answer 23

only securely attached people! supposed to be 65%