L30- Antidiabetic Drugs II (new agents)

Question 1

Incretin Analog = (1) / (2)

Answer 1

exenatide- analog of glucagon like polypeptide 1 (GLP-1)

Question 2

Incretin secretion responds to (1) and then causes (2)

Answer 2

1- glucose in GIT lumen

2- enhances glucose-stimulated insulin secretion from β-cell

Question 3

Exenatide:

• (1) route of administration
• (2) list all net effects

Answer 3

1- SQ

2:

• enhance glucose dep. insulin secretion
• suppresses postprandial glucagon release
• slows gastric emptying –> dec appetite
• may stimulate β-cell proliferation

Question 4

Exenatide AEs

Answer 4

n/v/d
acute pancreatitis

Contraindicated in gastroparesis patients

Question 5

DPP-IV inhibitors = (1)

• functions to inc (2) and (3)
• (4) route of administration

Answer 5

1- sitagliptin
2- GLP-1
3- insulin
4- oral

Question 6

Sitagliptin AEs

Answer 6

pancreatitis

hypersensitivity rxns –> urticaria, angioedema, anaphylaxis, skin rxns (Steven-Johnson)

Question 7

Amylin Analog = (1):

• (2) normal function of peptide
• (3) route of administration

Answer 7

1- pramlintide

2- co-secreted with insulin (β-cells) –> inhibits food intake, gastric emptying, glucagon secretion

3- SQ

Question 8

Bile-acid Sequestrants = (1):

• normally used to lower (2)
• (3) MOA
• (4) route of administration

Answer 8

1- colesevelam
2- lower LDL cholesterol
3- unclear
4- oral

Question 9

SGLT2 inhibitors = (1):

• (2) normal function of SGLT2, (3) is the net function of (1)
• (4) route of administration

Answer 9

1- canagliflozin

2- Na-glucose co-transported for
glucose reabsorption in the kidney

3- inc glucose excretion –> lower blood glucose

4- oral

Question 10

Canagliflozin AEs

Answer 10

• inc genital and urinary tract infections
• osmotic diuresis can cause volume depletion / hypotension, inc creatinine, hyperkalemia, hypermagnesemia, hyperphosphatemia,
• contraindicated in Pts with GFR <45