Final (philosophy)

Question 1

A life well lived…

Answer 1

Good life

Question 2

the thesis that people ought to act for their own self interest…

Answer 2

Ethical Egoism

Question 3

A philosophy of rigorous self discipline and abstinence…

Answer 3

Ascetism

Question 4

The thesis that people always act for their own self interest

Answer 4

psychological egoism

Question 5

The thesis that there is a single set of correct moral standards, applicable to all societies…

Answer 5

Absolutism (in ethics)

Question 6

The thesis that people ought to act for the well being of others

Answer 6

ethical altruism

Question 7

the rules for right action and prohibition against wrong acts

Answer 7

morality

Question 8

the thesis that one ought to act for the sake of the interests of others

Answer 8

altruism

Question 9

we should act in such ways as to make the greatest number of people as happy as possible

Answer 9

utilitarianism

Question 10

the thesis that there are no universal and essential moral values.

Answer 10

moral relativism

Question 11

the thesis that different people in fact have different values

Answer 11

cultural relativism

Question 12

the thesis that whatever a culture or society holds to be right is therefore right, at least ‘right for them’

Answer 12

ethical relativism

Question 13

the thesis that people naturally act for the well being of others

Answer 13

psychological altruism

Question 14

independence

Answer 14

autonomy

Question 15

the ability to be applied to everyone without exception

Answer 15

universalizability

Question 16

the thesis that people act for their own interests.

Answer 16

egoism

Question 17

the view that societies differ in their basic ethical values

Answer 17

relativism (in ethics)

Question 18

moral right and wrong are determined first of all by the concept of a person’s duties and obligations

Answer 18

duty-defined morality

Question 19

the study of a way of life and its values

Answer 19

ethics

Question 20

the philosophical belief that the basic theme is human freedom and responsibility, the lack of any given rules, and the need for us to be responsible for our actions

Answer 20

existentialism

Question 21

the study of right and wrong actions, moral values and principles

Answer 21

moral philosophy

Question 22

what one ought to do

Answer 22

duty

Question 23

the thesis that there are universal and essential moral values

Answer 23

moral absolutism

Question 24

the conception of the good life that takes pleasure to be the ultimate good

Answer 24

hedonism

Question 25

in Kant’s philosophy, a moral law, a command that is unqualified

Answer 25

categorical imperatives