BS202 Midterm pt1

Question 1

What is the upper respiratory tract composed of

Answer 1

Nose, nosopharynx, oropharynx, laryngopharynx, & larynx

Question 2

What is the lower respiratory tract composed of

Answer 2

trachea, all segments of the bronchi tree & lungs

Question 3

The nasal septum is made up of 4 main structures

Answer 3

the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid above, the vomer bone, and the septal nasal, and vomernasal cartilage below

Question 4

What are the 4 paranasal sinuses

Answer 4

the frontal, maxillary, ethomoid, & sphenoid sinuses

Question 5

Seven openings are found in the pharynx:

Answer 5

Right and Left auditory (Eustachian) tubes into the nasopharynx, two posterior nares opening to the nasopharynx, opening of the mouth (the fauces) into the oropharynx, opening into the larynx from the laryngopharynx, opening into the esophagus from the laryngopharynx

Question 6

9 cartilages that form the larynx:

Answer 6

the thyroid, epiglottis, cricoid, (2) arytenoid, (2) corniculate, (2) cuneiform

Question 7

3 of the largest cartilages of the larynx:

Answer 7

the thyroid, epiglottis, cricoid

Question 8

Thyroid cartilage

Answer 8

the Adam’s apple, the largest cartilage of the larynx, give the triangular shape to its anterior wall

Question 9

Epiglottis cartilage

Answer 9

small leaf shaped that projects upward behind the tongue and hyoid bone. Moves up and down during swallowing to prevent foods and liquids from entering the trachea

Question 10

Arytenoid cartilage

Answer 10

pyramid shaped, most important of the paired laryngeal cartilages, serve as points of attachment for the vocal cords

Question 11

upper pair of cords

Answer 11

Vestibular or false vocal cords

Question 12

Lower pair of cords

Answer 12

true vocal cords

Question 13

Rima glottidis

Answer 13

the slit like space btwn the true vocal cords, is the narrowest part of the larynx

Question 14

the two primary bronchi

Answer 14

the right and left bronchus

Question 15

the right bronchus

Answer 15

is slightly larger and more vertical

Question 16

what lines the bronchi and trachea

Answer 16

ciliated mucosa

Question 17

secondary bronchi

Answer 17

each primary bronchus enters the lungs and divides into smaller branches

Question 18

how many alveoli present in the lungs

Answer 18

300 Million

Question 19

Pharynx

Answer 19

serves as a common passageway for the respiratory tract and digestive tracts

Question 20

structure of the lung

Answer 20

apex, 2 costal surfaces, and base

Question 21

the most important air purification mechanism

Answer 21

the layer of protective mucus that covers a large portion of the membrane the ines the respiratory tree

Question 22

Pleura

Answer 22

the serous membrane investing the lungs (visceral p.) and lining the walls of the thoracic cavity (parietal p.);

Question 23

the parietal pleura

Answer 23

lines the entire thoracic cavity, adheres to the internal surface of the ribs and superior surface of the diaphragm

Question 24

the visceral pleura

Answer 24

attached directly to the lungs

Question 25

Pleura space (cavity)

Answer 25

separates the pleural that contains just enough pleural fluid for lubrication

Question 26

Regulated processes of the respiratory system

Answer 26

1) external respiration : breathing and gas exchange 2) transport of gases by blood 3) internal respiration: gas exchange in blood capillaries and cellular respiration 4) regulation of respiration

Question 27

muscles that produce quiet inspiration

Answer 27

diaphragm and external intercostal muscles

Question 28

what are the movements of quiet inspiration?

Answer 28

The diaphragm contracts and descends and makes the thoracic cavity longer. Contraction of the external intercostal muscle pulls the ribs up and out

Question 29

Quiet respiration

Answer 29

passive process that begins when the pressure gradient that resulted in inspiration are reversed.