BS202 Midterm pt4

Question 1

red blood cells (erythrocytes) structure

Answer 1

have no nucleus, is only about 7.5 um, shaped in bioconcave disks, no organelles

Question 2

life span of the RBC

Answer 2

105 -120 days

Question 3

hemoglobin structure

Answer 3

four protein chains (globins) each with heme group, form a hemoglobin molecule. Each heme contains one iron atom.

Question 4

function of the hemoglobin

Answer 4

structure allow to combine with one hemoglobin to combine with four oxygen molecules (oxyhemoglobin) or cardon dioxide (carbaminohemoglobin)

Question 5

types and classification of white blood cells (luekocytes)

Answer 5

Granulocytes - nuetrophils, eosinophils, basophils

Agranulocytes - lymphocytes, monocytes

Question 6

Nuetrophils numbers average

Answer 6

about 65% of the total WBC

Question 7

Nuetrophils function

Answer 7

are highly mobile and can migrate out of the blood vessels and enter the tissue space (diapedesis); capable of destroying bacterial cells.

Question 8

Eosinophils account for

Answer 8

2% to 5% of the WBCs

Question 9

Eosinophils functon

Answer 9

protect against infections caused by parasitic worms and involvement in allergic reactions

Question 10

Basophils account for

Answer 10

only .5% to 1% of the WBCs

Question 11

Basophils function

Answer 11

they contain histamine (inflammatory chemical) and heparin (an anticoagulant)

Question 12

Lymphocyte account for

Answer 12

25% of the WBCs

Question 13

Lymphocyte function

Answer 13

2 types of lymphocytes:
T lymphocytes - attack an infected or cancerous cell
B lymphocytes - produce antibodies against specific antigens

Question 14

Monocyte account for

Answer 14

3-8%

Question 15

Monocyte function

Answer 15

capable of ingesting bacteria, cellular debris, and cancerous cells

Question 16

One cubic millimeter of normal blood usually contains about

Answer 16

5000 to 9000 leukocytes (WBCs)

Question 17

If a person has appendicites the % of nuetrophils increases

Answer 17

so does the total WBC count

Question 18

Four blood types:

Answer 18

1. type A - antigen A on RBCs
2. type B- antigen B on RBCs
3. type AB - antigen A & B on RBCs
4. type O - neither A nor B on RBCs

Question 19

Plasma (antibody) types

Answer 19

1. type A - antigen A, antibody B
2. type B- antigen B, antibody A
3. type AB - antigen A & B, neither antibodies A &B
4. type O - neither antigen A nor B, antibodies A & B

Question 20

Plasma consist of

Answer 20

90% water and 10% solutes

Question 21

In plasma of the solutes what is the largest quanitity

Answer 21

proteins; they constitute 6-8% of the plasma

Question 22

Solutes also present in plasma are

Answer 22

food substances ( glucose, amino acids, and lipids), compounds formed by metabolism, respiratory gases, and regulatory gases

Question 23

Difference btwn blood plasma and serum

Answer 23

plasma is whole blood minus cells. Serum is whole blood minus the clotting elements.

Question 24

Extrinsic pathway

Answer 24

mechanism of clotting in which chemicals are released from the damaged tissue are outside or extrinsic to the blood trigger

Question 25

Intrinsic pathway

Answer 25

mechanism of clotting in which chemicals are present in the blood

Question 26

Rh postive blood

Answer 26

Rh antigen is present

Question 27

Rh negative blood

Answer 27

no Rh antigen is present

Question 28

how can Rh neg blood become Rh positive?

Answer 28

if it has come in contact with Rh positive RBCs; transfusion or pregnancy (rh neg women carrying a Rh positve fetus)