8.4.3 Genetic Fingerprinting

Question 1

What are variable number tandem repeats (VNTRS)

Answer 1

Repeating sequences of bases

Found within non-coding sections of DNA at many sites throughout an genome

Question 2

Why are VNTRs useful in genetic fingerprinting

Answer 2

Probability of 2 people with the same VNTR is very low

Question 3

How can genetic fingerprinting be used to analyse DNA fragments

Answer 3

1-extract DNA and amplify using PCR

2-cut at specific base sequences using restriction enzymes

3- separate VNTR lengths using gel electrophoresis

4- transfer to nylon membrane and treat to form single strands with exposed bases

5-add probes which bind with VNTR

6- use fluorescent lighting

Question 4

How can genetic fingerprinting be used to determine genetic relation ships

Answer 4

Paternity tests - father should have 50% of VNTRs with a child