urinary system

Question 1

cortex

Answer 1

glomeruli, prox and distal convoluted tubules

Question 2

medulla

Answer 2

• loop of henle

- collecting duct

Question 3

what does the prox conv tubule have that the distal one doesnt

Answer 3

microvilli (brush border)

*both are simple cuboidal epithelium

Question 4

type of epi in THICK loope of henle

Answer 4

simple cuboidal

Question 5

type of epi in THIN loop of henle

Answer 5

simple squamous

Question 6

epi for collecting tubules

Answer 6

becomes progressively bigger (cuboidal to columnar)

Question 7

interstitium

Answer 7

• mesenchymal portion

- collagen, matrix proteins, fibroblasts, immune cells

Question 8

what do fibroblasts secrete in the kidney

Answer 8

erythropoietin and prostaglandins

Question 9

kidney gets blood supply from

Answer 9

main renal artery (a branch of the aorta)

Question 10

vasa recta

Answer 10

descending arterioles and ascending venules

Question 11

mesangium

Answer 11

branches of the glomerulus

-fn: scaffolding

Question 12

basement membrane is formed by

Answer 12

matrix

made by endothelium and podocytes

Question 13

what would you see in a glomerulus

Answer 13

• podocytes
• mesangial cells
• endothelial cells

Question 14

filtrate forms in the

Answer 14

bowmans space

Question 15

function of podocytes

Answer 15

filtration barrier

Question 16

juxtaglomerular apparatus

Answer 16

between distal tubule and glomerulus

-found lining the afferent arteriole

Question 17

cells of the juxtagomerular apparatus

Answer 17

secrete renin which increases BP (vasocontrict)

Question 18

macula densa

Answer 18

lines the distal tubule

Question 19

function of macula densa

Answer 19

• detect sodium levels

- when Na is high, causes contraction of afferent arteriole to lower blood flow to glomerulus

Question 20

female urethra

Answer 20

• transitional near bladder
• rest is stratified squamous
• small mucosal glands

Question 21

male urethra

Answer 21

• longer
• prostate urethra: transitional
• long portion (membranous): stratified columnar
• exit: stratified squamous

Question 22

Thin loop of henle

Answer 22

Descending portion

Question 23

Thick loop of henle

Answer 23

Ascending portion