Exam 2 (Chs. 13, 14, 15, 8 & 27)

Question 1

Put the following steps for calculus removal in the correct sequence.

1) My finger rest
2) My dominant hand
3) My patient
4) My adaptation
5) My stabilization
6) My equipment
7) My activation
8) Me
9) My nondominant hand
10) My angulation

A) 8,3,6,9,2,1,4,10,5,7

B) 9,2,8,6,3,1,4,5,10,7

C) 6,8,3,2,1,4,9,10,5,7

D) 6,9,2,1,3,8,10,4,7,5

Answer 1

A) 8,3,6,9,2,1,4,10,5,7

Me

patient

equipment

nondominate hand

dominate hand

finger rests

adaptation

stabilization

activation

angulation

Question 2

11/12 Explorer

Tip bent at 90-degree angle to lower shank

-Long, complex shank design

Answer 2

Curved back of the working-end touches the soft tissue base of sulcus or periodontal pocket

Complex shank makes it easy to reach root surfaces of anterior and posterior teeth

Can be used in shallow sulci and deep pockets

No Disadvantages!

Question 3

A sickle scaler forms a tip at the end of its working end. Therefore, sickle scalers are designed to be used subgingivally.

A. Both statements are true.
B. Statement 1 is false. Statement 2 is true.
C. Statement 1 is true. Statement 2 is false.
D. Both statments are false.

Answer 3

C. Statement 1 is true.

Statement 2 is false.

Sickle scalers = Supra

Question 4

A carious lesion that can be detected visually should be explored. When examining an occlusal surface, the clinician should trace the entire length of a fissure with the explorer while applying heavy pressure downward into the developmental depression.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 4

B) Both statements are false.

Question 5

A clinician is experiencing muscle strain in his fingers and wrist. Which of the following would be most likely to reduce strain to the clinician’s fingers and wrist?

A) Small-diameter handle with no texturing

B) Large-diameter handle with no texturing

C) Small-diameter handle with raised texturing

D) Large-diameter handle with raised texturing

Answer 5

D) Large-diameter handle with raised texturing

Question 6

A clinician is holding an instrument so that the tip of the working end is facing her. When the instrument is in this position, the functional shank is bent from side to side. The clinician’s instrument has a ______________ shank design for better access of the ______________ teeth.

A. complex; posterior
B. simple; anterior
C. extended; posterior
D. functional; posterior

Answer 6

A. complex; posterior

Question 7

A clinician is holding an instrument so that the tip of the working end is facing her. With the instrument in this position, the functional shank appears to be straight. The clinician’s instrument has _____.

A) An extended shank design

B) A functional shank design

C) A complex shank design

D) A simple shank design

Answer 7

D) A simple shank design

Question 8

A clinician is holding an instrument so that the tip of working end is facing him. With the instrument in this position, the functional shank is bent from side to side. The clinician’s instrument has _____.

A) An extended shank design

B) A functional shank design

C) A complex shank design

D) A simple shank design

Answer 8

C) A complex shank design

Question 9

A closed angle is one in which the face-to-tooth surface angulation is between _____.

A) 0 degree and 40 degrees

B) 45 degrees and 60 degrees

C) 60 degrees and 80 degrees

D) 90 degrees and 180 degrees

Answer 9

A) 0 degree and 40 degrees

Face of the instrument is closed against the tooth surface

insertion of a curet below the gingival margin

Question 10

A complex shank with long functional length is designed for posterior teeth. Extended lower shanks are ideal for supragingival use on anterior teeth.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 10

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

Question 11

A cross section of a curet is _____ by design.

A) Semicircular

B) Triangular

C) Rectangular

D) Circular

Answer 11

A) Semicircular

Question 12

A cross section of a sickle is _____ by design.

A) Semicircular

B) Triangular

C) Rectangular

D) Circular

Answer 12

B) Triangular

Question 13

A firm instrument grasp is used throughout a calculus removal stroke. For an assessment stroke, a light grasp is recommended for increased tactile sensitivity.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 13

A) Both statements are true.

Question 14

A periodontal instrument is balanced if the _____.

A) Instrument is double-ended

B) Instrument has a small-diameter handle with texturing

C) Working ends are aligned with the long axis of the handle

D) Working ends are mirror images of each other

Answer 14

C) Working ends are aligned with the long axis of the handle

Question 15

A sickle scaler may be used on the root surfaces if tissue recession is present on the tooth. The triangular cross section of a sickle scaler could result in tissue trauma if used subgingivally.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 15

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Question 16

A sickle scaler with a straight, simple shank is a(n) _______.

A) Anterior sickle

B) Posterior sickle

C) Either of the listed instruments

D) Neither of the listed instruments

Answer 16

A) Anterior sickle

Question 17

A universal curet may be used on the root surfaces of a tooth. The semicircular cross section of a universal curet could result in tissue trauma if used subgingivally.
A. Both statements are true.
B. Both statements are false.
C. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
D. The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 17

C. The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

Question 18

A very large supragingival calculus deposit probably cannot be removed as a single piece; it will need to be removed in sections. In removing a large supragingival calculus, it is helpful to adapt the middle third of the working end so that you are using the strongest section of the working-end.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

c

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 18

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

Question 19

Your patient has no probing depths greater than 4 mm. Of the explorers listed, which should you select for calculus detection on anterior and posterior sextants?

A) Orban-type explorer

B) Pigtail or cowhorn explorer

C) Straight explorer

D) Shepherd hook explorer

Answer 19

B) Pigtail or cowhorn explorer

used on normal sulci

Question 20

Adaptation

Answer 20

Relationship between the working end of an instrument and the

tooth surface being treated

Question 21

Which powders do we use in the Air-Flow Handy

Answer 21

Plus Powder:

• Erythritol Powder – Natural Sugar alcohol, smallest particle size on the market

Perio Powder

• Glycine Powder – Extra fine, low-density

Question 22

Air-flow therapy nozzle should be held _______ from the tooth

and at a ________ degree angle.

Answer 22

3mm

45

Question 23

Air-flow therapy removes and disrupts ________, removes ______ and polishes teeth, and has a therapeutic effect on ________.

Answer 23

biofilm

stains

gingiva

Question 24

Air-flow therapy should trace a half ______ along gum line and moving up tooth at ______ degrees while angling into the __________.

Answer 24

circle

90

interproximal

Question 25

Alberto has positioned the working end of a sickle scaler apical to (beneath) a large supragingival calculus deposit. Which of the following is the recommended angulation for a calculus removal stroke with a sickle scaler?

A) 0 degree to 40 degrees

B) 50 degrees to 70 degrees

C) 60 degrees to 70 degrees

D) 70 degrees to 80 degrees

Answer 25

D) 70 degrees to 80 degrees

Question 26

An anterior sickle scaler has a rounded toe. One working end is used for the facial surfaces and the opposite working end is used for lingual surfaces.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 26

B) Both statements are false.

Question 27

An explorer provides the most tactile information to the clinician’s fingers. During calculus removal, the curet is used for calculus detection until all deposits that are detectable with the curet have been removed.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 27

A) Both statements are true.

Question 28

An instrument designed for subgingival use on anterior teeth would have a

A. simple shank design with a short functional shank length
B. simple shank design with a long functional shank length
C. complex shank design with a short functional shank length
D. complex shank design with a long functional shank length

Answer 28

B. simple shank design with a long functional shank length

long = subgingival

Question 29

An instrument designed for supragingival use on posterior teeth would have a _____.

A) Simple shank design with a short functional shank length

B) Complex shank design with a short functional shank length

C) Simple shank design with a long functional shank length

D) Complex shank design with a long functional shank length

Answer 29

B) Complex shank design with a short functional shank length

Complex = Posterior

Short = Supra

Question 30

An instrument is identified as a Gracey 11/12. The Gracey in the name indicates the _____.

A) Exact identification of each working end of the instrument

B) Code for the location where the instrument was manufactured

C) Function that the instrument is intended to perform

D) Name of the individual who originally designed the instrument

Answer 30

D) Name of the individual who originally designed the instrument

Question 31

An instrument that is flipped during patient treatment so the clinician can use the other end is a _____.

A) Single-ended instrument

B) Extended instrument

C) Unpaired instrument

D) Double-ended instrument

Answer 31

D) Double-ended instrument

Question 32

An instrument that is not balanced is more difficult to use and stresses the muscles of the hand and arm. All instruments with paired working ends are balanced.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 32

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

Question 33

An instrument with two dissimilar working-ends will have ______________ working ends.

A. paired
B. unpaired
C. none of the above
D. single-ended

Answer 33

B. unpaired

Question 34

Angulation

Answer 34

The angle formed by the working end of an instrument with the surface to which the instrument is applied

Question 35

Another name for the lower shank is the

A. extended shank
B. overall shank
C. functional shank
D. terminal shank

Answer 35

D. terminal shank

Question 36

Another term for the texturing on an instrument handle is _____.

A) Weight

B) Balance

C) Tactile sensitivity

D) Knurling

Answer 36

D) Knurling

Question 37

Balance instrument is where the working end is centered on a line running through the long axis of the handle.

True

False

Answer 37

True

Question 38

Biofilm can be _______ destroyed and is ________.

Answer 38

mechanically ; non-mineralized

Question 39

Biofilm was named so by __________ in 1978.

Answer 39

Bill Costerton

Question 40

Blade

Answer 40

Working end of an instrument with special design for a particular clinical treatment

Question 41

Calculus deposits adjacent to _________ are removed first, those near the ________ are removed last.

A) junctional epithelium; gingival margin

B) gingival margin; base of the pocket

C) proximal surface; facial

D) roots; enamel

Answer 41

A) junctional epithelium; gingival margin

Question 42

Calculus not detected at midlines of anteriors may be due to not using horizontal strokes. Undetected deposits on mesials and distals may be due to overlapping strokes.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 42

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

Question 43

Calculus removal strokes are activated by pushing the working end toward the junctional epithelium (base of the pocket). Before beginning a calculus removal stroke, the hand is stabilized by applying inward pressure against the handle with the middle finger and thumb.

A) Both statements are true.
B) Both statements are false.
C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.
D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 43

B) Both statements are false.

Question 44

Cross sections

Answer 44

Curet: Semicurcular (rounded) cross section = Toe

Supra and subgingival use

Sickle scaler: Triangular cross section = Tip

Supragingival use ONLY

Question 45

Curet will be triangular in cross section. Sickle will be semi-circular.

True

False

Answer 45

False

Question 46

Curet:

Area Specific Curet

Answer 46

A specialized instrument designed with specific angles in the shank for adaptation to a certain group of tooth surfaces

Question 47

Curet:

Universal Curet

Answer 47

A curet designed for use on any tooth surface where the adaptation, angulation, and other principles of the instrument used can be correctly and effectively accomplished.

Question 48

Curettage:

Answer 48

Removal of inflamed soft tissue lining of a pocket wall.

Question 49

Curet

Answer 49

A curved, rounded dental instrument utilized for scaling, root planing, and gingival curettage.

Semicircular

Question 50

Does the instrument pictured below have mirror image?

A) Yes

B) No

Answer 50

A) Yes

Question 51

Dominant hand

Answer 51

The hand generally used for performing fine tasks such as writing and holding instruments for scaling

Question 52

Effective calculus removal depends on a combination of firm lateral pressure and an angulation of between 50 and 60 degrees. Inadequate lateral pressure and/or incorrect angulation can result in a burnished calculus deposit.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 52

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Question 53

Effie is instrumenting the line angle region of a molar tooth with a sickle scaler. To maintain adaptation, Effie should _____.

A) Switch to the other cutting edge of the working end

B) Roll the instrument handle slightly

C) Use a sickle with a simple shank design

D) Use very light lateral pressure against the tooth

Answer 53

B) Roll the instrument handle slightly

Question 54

Explorers are made of a flexible metal that will bend easily. Explorers are semi-circular in cross section.

A. Both statements are true.
B. Both statements are false.
C. The first statement is true. The second statement is false.
D. The first statment is false. The second statement is true.

Answer 54

C. The first statement is true. The second statement is false.

Question 55

Explorers are made of strong, rigid metal that does not bend easily. Explorers are circular in cross section.

A) Both statements are TRUE

B) Both statements are FALSE

C) The first statement is TRUE; the second statement is FALSE

D) The first statement is FALSE; the second statement is TRUE

Answer 55

D) The first statement is FALSE; the second statement is TRUE

Question 56

Finger Rest

Answer 56

For an intraoral rest, the place on a tooth or teeth where the third or ring finger of the hand holding the instrument is placed to provide stabilization and control during activation of the instrument

Question 57

For successful instrumentation, correct angulation of the working end must be maintained throughout the instrumentation stroke. Incorrect angulation can result in a burnished calculus deposit.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 57

A) Both statements are true.

Question 58

For the instrument illustrated below, working end A is identified as _____.

A) G

B) G1

C) G2

D) G1/2

Answer 58

B) G1

Question 59

Fulcrum

Answer 59

The support upon which a lever rests while force intended to produce motion is exerted

Question 60

Functional shank:

Answer 60

the portion of the shank that allows the working-end to be adapted to the tooth surface

Question 61

Glycine powder can result in ______ load of ___________ gingivalis in oral cavity.

Answer 61

decreased

porphyromonas

Question 62

Gordon wants to select the correct working end of an explorer for use on a molar. Which of the visual clues should he use?

A) Posterior = parallel

B) Functional shank down and around the tooth

C) Functional shank up and over the tooth

D) Both posterior = parallel and functional shank up and over the tooth

Answer 62

D) Both posterior = parallel

and

functional shank up and over the tooth

Question 63

Greg wants to remove a medium-size calculus deposit located approximately 5 mm below the gingival margin. Greg’s efforts will be most successful if he selects a universal curet with which of the following design characteristics?

A. a smaller (i.e., “mini”) working end
B. a flexible shank
C. long lower shank length
D. all of the above

Answer 63

C. long lower shank length

Question 64

The fingers of the dominant hand should be relaxed between calculus removal strokes. Lateral pressure should be exerted immediately prior to beginning a calculus removal stroke.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 64

A) Both statements are true.

Question 65

Which explorer would be a poor choice for calculus detection on interproximal surfaces?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 65

C) Orban type

Question 66

Hilda wants to select the correct working end of a double-ended sickle scaler for a posterior sextant. What visual clue should she look for to select the correct end?

A) Lower shank should be parallel to the distal surface

B) Lower shank should extend across the facial surface

C) Lower shank should be tilted slightly toward the distal surface

D) Lower shank should be longer than height of the crown

Answer 66

A) Lower shank should be parallel to the distal surface

Question 67

If your fulcrum finger is “in the line of fire” it will be _____.

A) Over the surface being instrumented

B) A tooth away from the one being instrumented

C) At risk for an exposure

D) Answers A and C are correct.

Answer 67

D) Answers A and C are correct.

Question 68

In preparation for inserting the working end beneath the gingival margin on the facial aspect of a molar tooth, the clinician should do which of the following?

A) Tilt the lower shank and the face of the curet slightly away from the facial surface

B) Lower the hand and the instrument handle until the curet toe is pointing toward the gingival margin

C) Observe the relationship between the facial surface and the functional shank of the instrument; the functional shank should be parallel to the distal surface

D) Observe the relationship between the facial surface of the molar and the lower shank of the instrument; the lower shank should be parallel to the distal surface

Answer 68

B) Lower the hand and the instrument handle until the curet toe is pointing toward the gingival margin

curet toe is pointing toward the gingival margin

Question 69

Indirect vision

Answer 69

Use of a dental mouth mirror to view the area of instrumentation is performed

Question 70

Insertion is the action of moving the working end of an instrument beneath the gingival margin and into the sulcus or pocket. For insertion, the instrument face should be positioned as far away from the tooth surface as possible.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 70

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

Question 71

Instead of using visual information, the clinician must rely on his or her sense of touch to locate the calculus deposits hidden beneath the gingival margin.

True

False

Answer 71

True

Question 72

Instrumentation Zone

Answer 72

Section of the tooth where treatment is indicated and instrumentation is performed

Question 73

Instruments that are designed to remove calculus from crowns and roots of teeth are called _____.

A) Sickle scalers

B) Explorers

C) Curets

D) Periodontal files

Answer 73

C) Curets

Supra and Sub

Question 74

Instruments with flexible shanks are designed to ______.

A) Remove heavy calculus deposits

B) Crush calculus deposits

C) Decrease the tactile sensitivity for less fatigue

D) Enhance the tactile sensitivity for the clinician

Answer 74

D) Enhance the tactile sensitivity for the clinician

Question 75

Is the instrument pictured below balanced?

A) Yes

B) No

Answer 75

A) Yes

Question 76

The instrument has a pointed tip, pointed back, and is triangular in cross section. What design classification is this instrument?

A) Explorer

B) Sickle scaler

C) Universal curet

D) Area-specific curet

Answer 76

B) Sickle scaler

Question 77

What is the function of sickle scaler?

A) Detect the texture and character of tooth surfaces

B) Remove large supragingival calculus deposits

C) Remove large subgingival calculus deposits

D) Check for bleeding of the gingival tissues

Answer 77

B) Remove large supragingival calculus deposits

Question 78

James’ instrument cuts the soft tissue of the gingiva. Which of the following is the most likely cause of tissue trauma?

A) Inserting the working end beneath the gingival margin at a 0 degree angulation

B) Asking the patient to assume a chin down position

C) Establishing a face-to-tooth surface angulation of 75 degrees

D) Adapting the middle third of the working end to the tooth

Answer 78

D) Adapting the middle third of the working end to the tooth

Not keeping the Tip third on the tooth

Question 79

John consistently fails to detect calculus deposits at the line angles of posterior teeth. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

A) Not using horizontal strokes to assess the line angle area

B) Using a relaxed grasp during assessment strokes

C) Middle finger resting lightly on the instrument shank

D) Using an inappropriate explorer for calculus detection

Answer 79

A) Not using horizontal strokes to assess the line angle area

Question 80

Juan wants to obtain the correct adaptation of a sickle scaler on the distal surface of the mandibular 1st molar. What visual clues should he look for to determine that he has established correct adaptation?

A) Lower shank should be parallel to the distal surface

B) Lower shank should extend across the facial surface

C) Lower shank should be tilted slightly toward the distal surface

D) Lower shank should be tilted slightly away from the distal surface

Answer 80

C) Lower shank should be tilted slightly

toward the distal surface

Question 81

Judy has burnished the surface of a calculus deposit. Which of the following technique errors is the most likely cause of the burnishing?

A) Incorrect angulation during calculus removal

B) Incorrect use of an explorer

C) Incorrect angulation during insertion

D) Incorrect adaptation of the working end

Answer 81

A) Incorrect angulation during calculus removal

Question 82

Lateral pressure

Answer 82

The minimal pressure that is required of an instrument against the tooth or soft tissue to accomplish the objective of the designated assessment or treatment

Question 83

Linda is getting ready to initiate a calculus removal stroke with a sickle scaler. Which of the following correctly describes the type of lateral pressure that Linda should apply?

A) Light pressure against the tooth surface

B) Moderate to firm scaling pressure against the tooth surface

C) Contact with the tooth surface, but no pressure

D) Very heavy pressure sufficient to gouge the tooth surface

Answer 83

C) Contact with the tooth surface,

but no pressure

Question 84

Lorelei tells you that she can never feel subgingival calculus deposits with her explorer no matter where the deposits are located. Which of the following technique errors is the most likely cause of Lorelei’s inability to detect calculus?

A) She is using the wrong explorer.

B) She is resting her middle finger on the instrument handle.

C) She is not inserting the working end to the base of the sulcus.

D) She is holding the instrument handle with her thumb and index finger.

Answer 84

B) She is resting her middle finger on the instrument handle.

Question 85

Lower shank:

Answer 85

the portion of the functional shank that is nearest to the working-end;

also called the “terminal” shank

Question 86

Maria is getting ready to remove large supragingival calculus deposits from the posterior teeth. Which design characteristic should a sickle scaler have for this task?

A) A very flexible functional shank

B) A rounded back

C) A simple shank design

D) A complex shank design

Answer 86

D) A complex shank design

Question 87

Marie wants to select the correct working end of a double-ended universal curet for an anterior tooth. What visual clue should she look for to select the correct end?

A. Lower shank does not go across the tooth surface
B. Lower shank should be parallel to the distal surface
C. Lower shank should be parallel to the distal surface
D. Lower shank goes across the tooth surface

Answer 87

D. Lower shank goes across the tooth surface

Question 88

Mary consistently fails to detect calculus deposits no matter where the deposits are located. Which of the following is the most likely cause?

A) Not overlapping her assessment strokes at the line angles and midlines

B) Not inserting the working end to the junctional epithelium

C) Not extending strokes apical to the contact area

D) Not resting her middle finger lightly on the instrument shank

Answer 88

D) Not resting her middle finger lightly on the instrument shank

Question 89

What is the correct working end of an explorer for use on a mandibular molar?

A) The working end on the facial surface pointing forward; if the lower shank goes across the facial surface, this working end is correct.

B) The working end on the distal surface; if the lower shank is parallel to the distal surface, this working end is correct

C) The working end on the distal surface; if the lower shank goes across the distal surface, this working end is correct

D) The working end on the facial surface pointing forward; if the lower shank goes across the facial surface, this working end is correct and she should place the working end on the distal surface; if the lower shank goes across the distal surface, this working end is correct.

Answer 89

B) She should place the working end on the distal surface; if the lower shank is parallel to the distal surface, this working end is correct

Question 90

Of all the instruments in your cassettes, which ones have the most flexible shanks?
A. the curets
B. the sickles
C. the probes
D. the explorers

Answer 90

D. the explorers

Question 91

Offset blade

Answer 91

The blade of an area-specific Gracey curet in which the lower shank is at a 70 degree angle to the face of the blade;

contrasts with a universal curet blade, which is at a 90 degree angle with the lower shank

Question 92

One of the design characteristics of a universal curet is that is has a _____ shank.

A. Complex
B. Short
C. Straight
D.Simple

Answer 92

A. Complex

Question 93

One to two millimeters of the side of the explorer’s working end is known as the _____.

A) Functional length

B) Explorer tip

C) Explorer point

D) Explorer protuberance

Answer 93

B) Explorer tip

Question 94

17

Orban explorer

Answer 94

Subgingival calculus detection on:

Anterior root surfaces

Facial and lingual root surfaces of posterior teeth

Bent tip allows the back of the tip (instead of the point) to be directed against the soft tissue base of the sulcus/pocket

-Excellent for use on anterior teeth

Question 95

Paired working ends are working ends that are exact mirror images of each other. Some double-ended instruments have unpaired, dissimilar working ends.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 95

A) Both statements are true.

Question 96

Parts of the Explorer:

Tip

Answer 96

The tip is 1 to 2 mm of the side of the explorer.

The tip is adapted to the tooth for detection of calculus deposits.

Question 97

Parts of the working end:

Cutting edges

Answer 97

The cutting edge is a sharp edge formed where the face and lateral surfaces meet.

Most working-ends have two cutting edges.

Question 98

Parts of the working-end. Choose which one does not apply

a. Back e. Middle third
b. Heel third f. Terminal shank
c. Cutting edges g. Face
d. Leading third h. Lateral surface

Answer 98

f. Terminal shank

Question 99

Parts of the working end:

Face/Back

Answer 99

The shaded surface on this illustration is the face.

The surface opposite the face is the back of the working-end.

Question 100

Parts of working end:

Lateral surface

Answer 100

The surfaces on either side of the face are called the lateral surfaces of the working-end.

Question 101

Perio Powder - Glycine

Answer 101

extra fine, low density, used on any tooth surface

or restorative materials

Question 102

Pigtail and Cowhorn Explorer

Answer 102

Calculus detection in normal sulci or shallow pockets extending no deeper than the cervical-third of the root

The curved lower shank causes considerable stretching of the tissue away from the root surface.

Question 103

Positioning the first 1 mm - 2 mm of the working end’s lateral surface in contact with the tooth” is a definition for which of the following?

A) Insertion

B) Angulation

C) Parallelism

D) Adaptation

Answer 103

D) Adaptation

Question 104

Priscilla wants to explore a narrow periodontal pocket located on the facial surface of an incisor tooth. She should select an explorer with which of the following design characteristics?

A) A long, complex shank design

B) A pointed working end

C) Lower shank that is highly curved

D) A long, simple shank design

Answer 104

D) A long, simple shank design

Anterior explorer = Sub

Question 105

Removing supragingival calculus deposits is a challenging task since the clinician cannot see the deposits hidden beneath the gingival margin. Instrumentation zones are used to divide the root surface into a series of narrow tracts.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 105

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Question 106

Rodney wants to explore a periodontal pocket on a molar tooth with a probing depth of 5 mm. He should select an explorer with which of the following design characteristics?

A) A long, complex shank design

B) A pointed working end

C) Lower shank that is highly curved

D) A long, simple shank design

Answer 106

A) A long, complex shank design

Question 107

Rosali needs to remove a very large supragingival calculus deposit. Which of the following approaches should she use?

A) Remove the deposit layer by layer beginning with the outermost layer

B) Remove the deposit in sections

C) Both of the techniques described are acceptable

D) Neither of the techniques is acceptable

Answer 107

B) Remove the deposit in sections

A) would cause burnishing = bad

Question 108

Sadie wants to improve her ability to detect calculus. Which of the following techniques will help her achieve this goal?

A) Lightly resting her middle finger on the shank

B) Applying pressure with her middle finger against the shank

C) Lightly resting her middle finger on the handle

D) Applying pressure with her middle finger against the handle

Answer 108

A) Lightly resting her middle finger on the shank

Question 109

Scaling

Answer 109

Instrumentation of a tooth surface to

remove calculus and biofilm

Question 110

Sela is employing oblique calculus removal strokes with a sickle scaler. Because she is using oblique strokes, Sela is most likely instrumenting which of the following tooth surfaces?

A) Facial surface of a molar

B) Mesial surface of canine

C) Distal surface of a premolar

D) Midline of the facial surface of an incisor

Answer 110

A) Facial surface of a molar

Question 111

Select the recommended HANDLE selection criteria. Choose all that apply.

Select the Correct Answers

a. Raised texturing
b. Small handle diameter
c. Large diameter (10mm)
d. Lightweight, hollow handle
e. heavy, solid metal handles
f. Handle tapers near shank

Answer 111

a. Raised texturing
c. Large diameter (10mm)
d. Lightweight, hollow handle
f. Handle tapers near shank

Question 112

Seth is about to initiate a calculus removal stroke with a sickle scaler. Which of the following is correct technique for a calculus removal stroke?

A) Relax the index finger and the thumb in the grasp

B) Lift the ring finger off the tooth during the stroke

C) Apply pressure against the handle with index finger and thumb

D) Adjust the instrument face-to-tooth angulation to 60 degrees

Answer 112

C) Apply pressure against the handle with index finger and thumb

Question 113

Shank design:

Complex shank

Answer 113

for use on posterior teeth

(also called angled or curved shanks)

Complex shank with short functional length = Supragingival posterior

Complex shank with long functional length = Subgingival posterior

Question 114

Shank design:

Simple shank

Answer 114

for use on anterior teeth

(also called straight shanks)

Simple shank with short functional length = Supragingival anterior

Simple shank with long functional length = Subgingival anterior

Question 115

Shank flexibility:

Ridgid shank

Answer 115

removes heavy deposits

Question 116

Shank flexibility:

Flexible shank

Answer 116

removes small to medium deposits

Question 117

Shank:

Effect of Shank Length

Answer 117

Too short a distance limits action

Extended lower shank length permits accessing the blade into deep pockets along narrow roots, and into furcation areas

Question 118

Shank

Answer 118

The part of the instrument between the handle and the working end

Question 119

Sheryl wants to select the correct working end of a double-ended area-specific curet for an anterior tooth. What visual clue should she look for to select the correct end?

A. Lower shank should be parallel to the distal surface
B. Lower shank should be parallel to the mesial surface
C. Face tilts slightly toward the facial surface
D. Face tilts slightly away from the facial surface

Answer 119

C. Face tilts slightly toward the facial surface

Question 120

Sickle scalers that are designed exclusively for anterior teeth have what type of shank?
A. simple
B. complex
C. complex and/or simple
D. flexible

Answer 120

A. simple

Question 121

Simple shank, short functional shank length

a. Shank design for anterior teeth (Supra)
b. Shank design for posterior teeth (Supra)

Answer 121

a. Shank design for anterior teeth (Supra)

Question 122

Stanley wants to adapt the working end of a sickle scaler to a molar tooth. Which of the following sickle design characteristics must Stanley be aware of to obtain correct adaptation?

A) Back is pointed

B) Cutting edges meet in a pointed tip

C) Face is perpendicular to lower shank

D) Two cutting edges per working end

Answer 122

C) Face is perpendicular to lower shank

Question 123

Stroke

Answer 123

A single unbroken movement made by an instrument against a tooth surface during an examination a treatment procedure to accomplish a particular objective; the motion made for activation of an instrument

Question 124

Subgingival calculus deposits are _____.

A) Tiny remnants of calculus

B) Located above the gingival margin

C) Located beneath the gingival margin

D) Located at the line angles of posterior teeth

Answer 124

C) Located beneath the gingival margin

Question 125

Subgingival:

Answer 125

use of an instrument apical to (beneath) the gingival margin

Question 126

Supragingival:

Answer 126

use of an instrument coronal to (above) the gingival margin

Question 127

Tactile sensitivity is _____.

A) The way that the clinician’s fingers are placed on the instrument handle

B) The clinician’s ability to feel things through the instrument shank and handle

C) The surface irregularities found subgingivally on the teeth

D) The correct relationship between the working end and the tooth surface

Answer 127

B) The clinician’s ability to feel things through the instrument shank and handle

Question 128

What is the technique for assessment strokes

Answer 128

Grasp—relaxed grasp, middle finger rests lightly on shank

Adaptation—1 to 2 mm of side of tip

Lateral Pressure—feather-light pressure against tooth

Strokes—fluid, sweeping strokes

Make many (2-3mm) overlapping, multidirectional strokes to assess the entire root surface.

Question 129

Thaddeus will have better success in detecting subgingival calculus deposits if he uses assessment strokes with _____.

A) Light pressure

B) Moderate pressure

C) Heavy pressure

D) Intermittent pressure

Answer 129

A) Light pressure

Question 130

The clinician should not use a shepherd hook explorer for subgingival calculus detection because _____.

A) It has a curved lower shank that would get in the way

B) It is available only as a single-ended instrument and would not adapt well

C) It has a long, straight functional shank works best on anterior teeth

D) The sharp point is directed toward the junctional epithelium

Answer 130

D) The sharp point is directed toward the junctional epithelium

Question 131

The clinician should use the actual point of an explorer’s working end to detect which of the following?

A) Dental caries

B) Calculus deposits

C) Junctional epithelium

D) None of the above

Answer 131

A) Dental caries

Question 132

The clinician should use the actual point of an explorer’s working end to detect which of the following?

A) Dental caries

B) Calculus deposits

C) Junctional epithelium

D) None of the above

Answer 132

A) Dental caries

Question 133

The cross section of the lead pencil pictured below is semicircular. The pencil’s cross section is exposed by cutting through the pencil at right angles to its longest dimension.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 133

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Question 134

The cross-section of a curet is _______________ by design.
A.circular
B. semicircular
C. triangular
D. rectangular

Answer 134

B. semicircular

Question 135

The cutting edges of a sickle scaler meet in a _____.

A) Toe

B) Tip

C) Point

D) Tip and a point

Answer 135

B) Tip

Question 136

The face to lower shank angle of a universal sickle or curet is at:

A. It depends on how you hold the instrument.
B. 90 degrees.
C. 70 degrees.
D. 45 degrees.

Answer 136

B. 90 degrees.

Question 137

Which explorer would you choose to use for caries detection?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 137

A) Shepherd hook

Question 138

Which explorer would be the best choice to use in narrow periodontal pockets on the maxillary anterior lingual?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 138

C) Orban type

Question 139

Which explorer has a curved lower shank that causes considerable stretching of the tissue from the root?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 139

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

Question 140

Which explorer(s) are recommended for calculus detection in normal sulci?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 140

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Question 141

Which explorer would you select for use in deep periodontal pockets on posterior teeth?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 141

D) 11/12 type

Question 142

Which explorer would be a poor choice for calculus detection on interproximal surfaces?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 142

C) Orban type

Question 143

Which explorer would be the best choice to use in narrow periodontal pockets on the maxillary anterior lingual?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 143

C) Orban type

Question 144

Which explorer has a curved lower shank that causes considerable stretching of the tissue from the root?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 144

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

Question 145

Which explorer is able to detect calculus in both shallow and deep periodontal pockets?

A) Shepherd hook

B) Pigtail (Cowhorn)

C) Orban type

D) 11/12 type

E) Pigtail and 11/12 type

Answer 145

D) 11/12 type

Question 146

The functional shank begins below the working-end and extends to the last bend in the shank nearest to the handle. The section of the functional shank that is nearest to the working-end is termed the lower shank.

a. Both statements are incorrect.
b. Both statements are correct.
c. The first statement is incorrect. The second one is correct.
d. The first statement is correct. The second one is incorrect.

Answer 146

b. Both statements are correct.

Question 147

The “Get-Ready Zone” is in the _____ of the crown.

A) Gingival third

B) Middle third

C) Occlusal third

D) Incisal third

Answer 147

B) Middle third

Question 148

The leading-third is the portion of the working-end that should be kept in contact with the tooth surface during instrumentation. On a sickle, the leading-third is termed the toe- third of the working-end.

A) Both statements are TRUE

B) Both statements are FALSE

C) The first statement is TRUE; the second statement is FALSE

D) The first statement is FALSE; the second statement is TRUE

Answer 148

C) The first statement is TRUE; the second statement is FALSE

FALSE = Tip-third

Question 149

The lower shank (terminal shank) is important in SELECTING the CORRECT working end of an instrument.

True

False

Answer 149

True

Question 150

The part of the working end indicated by the arrow in the illustration shown below is called the _____.

A) Face

B) Back

C) Lateral surface

D) Cutting edge

Answer 150

D) Cutting edge

Question 151

The pointed tip of a sickle scaler _____________.

A) Provides easy access to root furcations.

B) Provides strength to remove a large ledge of calculus.

C) Provides good access to proximal surfaces apical to contact areas.

D) None of the above.

Answer 151

C) Provides good access to proximal surfaces apical to contact areas.

Question 152

The portion of the instrument shank that is nearest the working end (shown below) is called the _____.

A) Functional shank

B) Extended shank

C) Lower shank

D) Standard shank

Answer 152

C) Lower shank

Question 153

The portion of the instrument that goes “up and over” the tooth when selecting the correct working end of a universal curet in the posterior is the terminal shank.

True

False

Answer 153

False = functional shank

Question 154

The purpose of establishing the proper degree of angulation with the instrument against the tooth, is that if the angulation is incorrect _____.

A) Tissue can be injured upon insertion

B) Calculus will be burnished instead of removed

C) Tissue can be injured during the scaling stroke

D) All of the choices are correct

Answer 154

D) All of the choices are correct

Question 155

“The relationship between the face of a calculus removal instrument and the tooth surface to which it is applied” is a definition for which of the following?

A) Insertion

B) Angulation

C) Adaptation

D) Parallelism

Answer 155

B) Angulation

calculus removal angulation = 45-90 degrees

Insertion = 0-40 degrees

Question 156

The shaded part of the working end in the illustration shown below is called the _____.

A) Face

B) Back

C) Lateral surface

D) Cutting edge

Answer 156

C) Lateral surface

Question 157

The shaded part of the working end in the illustration shown below is called the _____.

A) Face

B) Back

C) Lateral surface

D) Cutting edge

Answer 157

A) Face

Question 158

The shank of an instrument designed with bends in a front-to-back and side-to-side direction has which of the following:

A) A Simple Shank

B) A Straight Shank

C) A Rigid Straight Shank

D) A Complex Shank

Answer 158

D) A Complex Shank

Question 159

The triangular cross section of a sickle scaler limits use to above the gingival margin. The pointed tip and back could cause tissue trauma.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 159

A) Both statements are true.

Question 160

The two parts of the working end that form the cutting edge are the _____.

A) Face and back

B) Toe and back

C) Face and lateral surface

D) Back and lateral surface

Answer 160

C) Face and lateral surface

Question 161

Three instrument handle characteristics are listed below. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the instrument handle

a. Instrument weight
b. length
c. Handle diameter
d. Texture

Answer 161

b. length

Question 162

To improve calculus detection, the clinician should apply firm pressure against the tooth surface. Many overlapping strokes should be used during assessment of the root surface.

A) Both statements are true.

B) Both statements are false.

C) The first statement is true; the second statement is false.

D) The first statement is false; the second statement is true.

Answer 162

D) The first statement is false

the second statement is true.

Question 163

To select the correct working end for use on the distal surface of a molar tooth, the clinician should do which of the following?

A) Tilt the lower shank and the face of the curet slightly away from the distal surface

B) Lower the hand and handle until the curet face-to-tooth surface angulation is near to 0 degree

C) Observe the relationship between the distal surface of the molar and the lower shank of the instrument; the lower shank should be perpendicular to the distal surface

D) Observe the relationship between the distal surface of the molar and the lower shank of the instrument; the lower shank should be parallel to the distal surface

Answer 163

D) Observe the relationship between the distal surface of the molar and the lower shank of the instrument; the lower shank should be parallel to the distal surface

Question 164

Using an explorer, Louis would detect all of the following conditions as raised above the level of the tooth surface except _____.

A) Ledge of calculus

B) Spicule of calculus

C) Restoration with an overhanging margin

D) Root caries

Answer 164

D) Root caries

Question 165

What are the advantages of using flexible shank?

Answer 165

Used to locate calculus deposits hidden beneath the gingival margin

Question 166

What is the correct sequence for establishing a finger rest?

A. my patient (patient chair and head position), me (clock position), my equipment (light), my nondominant hand (mirror), my dominant hand (grasp), establish finger rest

B.me (clock position), my patient (patient chair and head position), my equipment (light), my dominant hand (grasp), my nondominant hand (mirror), establish finger rest

C. me (clock position), my patient (patient chair and head position), my equipment (light), my nondominant hand (mirror), my dominant hand (grasp), establish finger rest

D. my patient (patient chair and head position), me (clock position), my equipment (light), my dominant hand (grasp), my nondominant hand (mirror), establish finger rest

Answer 166

C. me (clock position), my patient (patient chair and head position), my equipment (light), my nondominant hand (mirror), my dominant hand (grasp), establish finger rest

Question 167

What is the function of the middle finger in the modified pen grasp?

A. to stabilize the hand in the mouth
B. to roll the instrument
C. to guide the working end and feel vibrations
D. to hold the instrument handle

Answer 167

C. to guide the working end and feel vibrations

Question 168

When the name and number are marked around an instrument handle, the first number on the left identifies the working end at the _____.

A) Bottom
B) Top

Answer 168

B) Top

Question 169

When using and 11/12-type explorer on maxillary anterior teeth, the correct working-end:

A) Curves outward away from the tissue

B) Curves toward the tooth surface

C) Is perpendicular to the distofacial surface

D) Both B and C

Answer 169

B) Curves toward the tooth surface

Question 170

When working beneath the gingival margin in a sulcus or pocket, a face-to-tooth surface angulation of 95 degrees would most likely result in _____.

A) Efficient calculus removal

B) Burnished calculus deposit

C) Tissue trauma

D) A broken working end

Answer 170

C) Tissue trauma

Question 171

Which of the following correctly describes the character of the instrumentation strokes used with a calculus removal stroke?

A) Flowing strokes, very short in length

B) Flowing strokes of moderate length

C) Biting strokes, short in length

D) Powerful strokes, long in length

Answer 171

C) Biting strokes

short in length

Question 172

Which of the following correctly describes the character of the instrumentation strokes used for calculus removal with a sickle scaler?

A) Flowing strokes, very short in length

B) Flowing strokes of moderate length

C) A short biting stroke

D) Powerful strokes, long in length

Answer 172

C) A short

biting stroke

Question 173

Which of the following correctly describes the type of lateral pressure used with a calculus removal stroke?

A) Light to moderate pressure against the tooth surface

B) Moderate pressure to snap deposit from tooth

C) In contact with the tooth surface, but no pressure

D) Heavy pressure sufficient to gouge the tooth surface

Answer 173

B) Moderate pressure to snap deposit from tooth

Calculus removal strokes:

Lateral pressure = Firm

Pinch pressure = Moderate

Question 174

Which of the following correctly describes the type of lateral pressure used with an assessment stroke?

A) Light to moderate pressure against the tooth surface

B) Moderate to firm scraping pressure against the tooth surface

C) In contact with the tooth surface, but no pressure

D) Heavy pressure sufficient to gouge the tooth surface

Answer 174

C) In contact with the tooth surface, but no pressure

Question 175

Which of the following instrument design characteristics causes

increased muscle fatigue?

A) Lightweight handle

B) Balanced instrument

C) Handles with bumpy texture

D) Small-diameter handle

Answer 175

D) Small-diameter handle

Question 176

Which of the following is an example of an assessment instrument?

A) Sickle scaler

B) Explorer

C) Curet

D) Periodontal file

Answer 176

B) Explorer

Question 177

Which of the following is NOT a design characteristic of a sickle scaler?

A. One cutting edge per working end
B. Two cutting edges per working end
C. Face is perpendicular to the lower shank
D. A pointed tip

Answer 177

A. One cutting edge per working end

Question 178

Which of the following is not a function of explorers?

A) Detect the texture of tooth surfaces

B) Detect calculus deposits

C) Examine occlusal surfaces for dental caries

D) Assess sealant retention

Answer 178

D) Assess sealant retention

Question 179

Which of the following is the recommended angulation for a calculus removal stroke?

A) 0 to 40 degrees

B) 50 to 70 degrees

C) 60 to 95 degrees

D) 70 to 80 degrees

Answer 179

D) 70 to 80 degrees

Question 180

Which of the following situations would be an appropriate use of a posterior sickle scaler?

A) Removal of light calculus on an exposed root surface

B) Removal of heavy subgingival calculus on the distal surface of a molar

C) Removal of medium-size supragingival calculus on the facial surface of a molar

D) Removal of heavy calculus on the lingual of mandibular anterior teeth

Answer 180

C) Removal of medium-size supragingival calculus

on the facial surface of a molar

Question 181

Which of the following situations would be considered an inappropriate use of a sickle scaler?

A) Removal of supragingival calculus on the distal of tooth 24

B) Removal of supragingival calculus on the buccal of tooth 3

C) Removal of subgingival calculus on the mesial of tooth 12

D) Removal of supragingival calculus on the lingual of tooth 30

Answer 181

C) Removal of subgingival calculus on the mesial of tooth 12

Question 182

Which of the following statements about angulation is true?

A) The face-to-tooth surface angulation for calculus removal is between 45 degrees and 60 degrees.

B) The face-to-tooth surface angulation for insertion of the working end beneath the gingival margin is between 45 degrees and 60 degrees.

C) The face-to-tooth surface angulation for calculus removal is between 60 degrees and 80 degrees.

D) The face-to-tooth surface angulation for insertion of the working end beneath the gingival margin is between 60 degrees and 80 degrees.

Answer 182

C) The face-to-tooth surface angulation for calculus removal is between

60 degrees - 80 degrees.

Question 183

Which of the following stroke directions is most commonly used with a sickle scaler on the facial and lingual surfaces of the crowns of molar teeth?

A) Oblique

B) Vertical

C) Horizontal

D) Circumferential

Answer 183

A) Oblique

Question 184

Which of the following stroke directions is most commonly used with the anterior sickle scaler while instrumenting the interproximals of mandibular anterior teeth?

A) Oblique

B) Vertical

C) Horizontal

D) Circumferential

Answer 184

B) Vertical

Question 185

Which of the following techniques should be used to remove a

very large supragingival calculus deposit?

A) Remove the deposit layer-by-layer beginning with the outermost layer

B) Remove the deposit in sections

C) Both of the techniques described are acceptable

D) Neither of the techniques described is acceptable

Answer 185

B) Remove the deposit in sections

Question 186

Which part of the working end of a sickle scaler is used for calculus removal?

A) Tip third of cutting edge

B) Pointed tip

C) Half of the cutting edge

D) Tip third of cutting edge and pointed tip

Answer 186

A) Tip third of cutting edge

Question 187

Which shank can removed large calculus deposit with less effort.

a. Flexible shank
b. Rigid shank

Answer 187

b. Rigid shank

Question 188

Why is shank flexibility important?

Answer 188

Enhances the amount of tactile information transmitted to clinician’s fingers.

Explorers used to detect deposits beneath gingival margin.

Vibrations are created when working-end quivers over tooth surface irregularities

Question 189

Working end

Answer 189

Refers to that part used to carry out the purpose and function of the instrument.

Each end is unique to the particular instrument

Question 190

Yasmin wants to explore a molar tooth. How should she begin?

A) Place the tip on the distofacial line angle and work forward toward the mesial surface

B) Place the tip on the distofacial line angle and work back onto the distal surface

C) Place the tip on the midline of the facial surface and work toward the nondominant hand

D) Place the tip on the midline of the facial surface and work toward her dominant hand

Answer 190

B) Place the tip on the distofacial line angle and work back onto the distal surface

Question 191

You are going to instrument the distal of a mandibular first molar. Which of the following is the correct visual clue with a posterior sickle scaler to choose the correct working-end?

A) Look down at the face of the sickle scaler and find the outer edge closest to the handle

B) Look down at the face of the sickle scaler and choose the shorter cutting edge

C) Look down at the face of the sickle scaler and find the inner edge further from the handle

D) Look down at the face of the sickle scaler and find the inner edge closest to the handle

Answer 191

D) Look down at the face of the sickle scaler and

find the inner edge closest to the handle

Question 192

You have a patient that presents with heavy calculus deposits. What type of shank design should you choose?

A. extended
B. rigid
C. After-five
D. flexible

Answer 192

B. rigid

Question 193

You need to explore a periodontal pocket on a molar tooth with a sulcus or pocket depth of 5 mm. You should select an explorer with which of the following design characteristics?

A. a pointed working end
B. a long, complex shank design
C. a long, simple shank design
D. lower shank that is highly curved

Answer 193

B. a long, complex shank design

Question 194

You want to select the correct working end of an explorer for use on an incisor. Which of the following visual clues should you use?

A. you should see the face when you adapt the working end to the tooth
B. the tip if the working end should NOT “hug” the tooth
C. you see the curved back of the working end when adapted to the tooth (i.e. the face and tip of the working end should “hug” the tooth)
D. anterior = terminal shank is parallel to the long axis of the tooth

Answer 194

C. you see the curved back of the working end when adapted to the tooth (i.e. the face and tip of the working end should “hug” the tooth)

Question 195

Which of the following technique errors could cause problems with calculus removal?

• 1) The wrong clock position
• 2) The wrong patient position
• 3) Incorrect grasp
• 4) Bent fulcrum finger
• 5) Incorrect angulation
• 6) Incorrect adaptation

A) 5 and 6

B) 4, 5, 6

C) 3, 5, 6

D) All of the errors listed

Answer 195

D) All of the errors listed

Question 196

_____ is a shank that is bent in one plane.

a. Complex shank
b. Simple Shank

Answer 196

b. Simple Shank

Question 197

______ is a cut through something at an angle perpendicular to its long axis in order to view its interior structure.

a. Transverse section
b. Cross section
c. Coronal section

Answer 197

b. Cross section

Question 198

_______ increases the static friction between the fingers and handle resulting in reduced pinch force in the grasp.

Select the Correct Answers:

a. Balanced instrument
b. Not balanced instrument
c. Texturing
d. Knurling pattern

Answer 198

c. Texturing
d. Knurling pattern

Question 199

________ is the clinician’s ability to feel vibrations transmitted from the working-end to his/her finger as they rest on the shank and handle.

a. Tactile sensitivity
b. Visual information
c. Vibrations
d. Psychomotor skills

Answer 199

a. Tactile sensitivity

Question 200

Assessment Instruments:

Answer 200

Probes

Explorers

Question 201

Calculus Removal Instruments:

Answer 201

Curets

Sickle scalers

Periodontal files

Question 202

What are the 3 major parts of an instrument?

Answer 202

Working end

Shank (simple or complex)

Handle (large in diameter, hollow and textured)