Task 3

Question 1

superior cerebeallr peduncle

Answer 1

 Deep cerebellar nuclei  dorsal thalamus  pre-motor & primary motor areas
 Deep cerebellar nuclei  superior colliculus

effernt

Question 2

middle cerebelalr nuclei

Answer 2

 Afferent (contralateral)
 Most areas of the cortex & superior colliculus  cell bodies in pontine nuclei of pons  transverse pontine fibres cross over via middle cerebellar peduncles  cerebellar cortex & deep nuclei

Question 3

Inferior cerebellar peduncle/ restiform body

Answer 3

 Smallest but most complex
 Afferent: from vestibular nuclei, spinal cord, tegmentum (stay ipsilateral)
 Efferent: to vestibular nuclei & reticular formation

Question 4

learning

Answer 4

wekaens inhibitory loop

Question 5

when occmolotor saccades—> lesion

Answer 5

lesion in spinocerebellar …. eliminate ability to reduce motor error

Question 6

cerebellar inhibition

Answer 6

cerebellum modulates primary motor cortex, signals to m1 can be inhibited by cerebellum

Question 7

wich one leads to impaired inhibition

afferent pathway or efferent pathway ataxia

Answer 7

efferent

Question 8

disruption of state estimate of human lateral cerebellum

Answer 8

findings
Creebelalr TMS incresed final error
TMs effect is exposex by dynamic state change
tms causes initIAL AIMIMNG ERROR
DIRECTION SPECIFIC effect => not pointing right

Suggest that these results demonstrate that the cerebellum is responsible for estimating the hand position over this time interval and the TMS disrupts this state estimate.

Question 9

ataxia

Answer 9

people can slect right movements & RIGHT SEQUENCES but lack coordiantion

Question 10

forward models gazzanigga

Answer 10

The cerebellum, as opposed to other brain areas, is not only important for prediction but also for sensorimotor learning (generated predictions that are temporally precise): we don’t only need to know what Is coming, but also when it is coming. This timing is provided by the cerebellum.

Question 11

tickleshness findings

Answer 11

The cerebellum differentiates between movements depending on their specific sensory consequences in order to predict specific sensory consequences of movements and provide a signal to attenuate movement

increased activity in the secondary somatosensory cortex (SII) and the anterior cingulate gyrus (ACG) when subjects experienced an externally produced tactile stimulus relative to the self-produced stimulus