Lecture 7 - anterior compartment of the thigh

Question 1

Muscles of the anterior thigh

Answer 1

Mostly innervated by the femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Extend the leg at the knee

Femoral artery - medial and lateral circumflex arteries and the profunda femoris branch

Pectineus
Sartorius
Quadriceps femoris
iliopsoas insertion

Question 2

Iliopsoas

Answer 2

Iliacus and psoas muscle

Insert on the lesser trochanter
Action - Flexes the lower limb at the hip and assists lateral rotation of the femur

Question 3

Psoas origin, insertion, action and innervation

Answer 3

Origin: Transverse processes of T12- L5 and the intervertebral discs laterally

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur

Action: Flexes the lower limb at the hip and assists lateral rotation of the femur

Innervation: Anterior rami of L1- L3

Question 4

Iliacus origin, insertion, action and innervation

Answer 4

Origin: Iliac fossa

Insertion: Lesser trochanter of the femur

Action: Flexes the lower limb at the hip and assists lateral rotation of the femur

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2- L4)

Question 5

What muscles make up the quadriceps femoris

Answer 5

Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis
Vastus intermedius

Question 6

Vastus lateralis origin, insertion, action and innervation

Answer 6

Origin: Greater trochanter and lateral lip of the linea aspera

Insertion: Quadriceps tendon into the base of the patella

Action: Extends the knee joint and stabilises the patella

Insertion: Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 7

Vastus intermedius origin, insertion, action and innervation

Answer 7

Origin: anterior and lateral surface of the femoral shaft

Insertion: Quadriceps tendons into the base of the patella

Action: Extends the knee joint and stabilises the patella

Insertion: Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 8

Vastus medialis origin, insertion, action and innervation

Answer 8

Origin: Intertrochanteric line and the medial lip of the linear aspera

Insertion: Quadriceps tendon into the base of the patella

Action: Extends the knee joint and stabilises the patellar
Contractions of the VMO resist lateral displacement of the patella

Innervation: femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 9

Rectus femoris origin, insertion, action and innervation

Answer 9

Origin: 2 tendons
Anterior- anterior inferior iliac spine
Posterior- groove above the rim of the acetabulum

Insertion: Quadriceps tendon into the bases of the patella

Action:
Flexes the thigh at the hip joint
Extends the leg at the knee joint

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2-L4)

Question 10

Sartorius origin, insertion, action and innervation

Answer 10

Origin: ASIS

Insertion: Medial aspect of the proximal tibia - pes anserinus

Action: 
Flex thigh at the hip 
Extend leg at the knee 
Abduction 
Lateral rotation 

Flexes and medially rotates the tibia at the knee

Innervation: Femoral nerve

Question 11

Pectineus origin, insertion, action and innervation

Answer 11

Forms the base of the femoral triangle

Origin: Pectineal line on the anterior surface of the superior pubic ramus

Insertion: pectineal line on the proximal posterior femur

Action: Adducts the thigh at the hip
Flexes the thigh at the hip

Innervation: Femoral nerve (L2-L4)
May also receive a branch from the obturator nerve (L2-L4)

Question 12

Femoral nerve sensory areas

Answer 12

Anterior and medial aspect of thigh and lower leg

Question 13

Obturator nerve sensory areas

Answer 13

Medial thigh

Question 14

Tibial nerve sensory areas

Answer 14

Sole of foot

Question 15

Common peroneal sensory areas

Answer 15

Dorsum of foot and lateral lower leg