Infective Endocarditis Flashcards
give some risk factors for IE
Males Incidence increases with age IVDU poor dental hygiene and dental procedures structural heart disease HIV
define IE
infection of the endocardium and its related structures including the cardiac valves and chorae teninae.
what is the most common cause of IE, and how does it enter the body
Staph aureus
through the skin or through IV/central lines
what is the second most common cause of IE and how does it enter the body
strep viridians
commensal of the mouth, pharynx and URT
what is the most common cause of subacute IE
strep viridians
what is strep bovis most associated with and what patient group gets it
carcinoma of the colon
the elderly
what organism is associated with early prosthetic valve iE and can result from post op wound infection
s. epidermis
give some non-infective causes of endocarditis
SLE
physical trauma
metastatic lung, GI and pancreatic cancer
chronic infection eg. TB
how does acute IE normally present
swinging pyrexia and rigors with few clinical stigmata
gives some signs of IE seen on the hands
splinter haemorrhages
oslers nodes
janeway lesions
clubbing
how does IE present
pyrexia
+
constitutional symptoms - malaise, fatigue, anorexia, weight loss
+/- embolic phenomena
what are some examination findings you might see in IE
new or worsening murmur
Roth’s spots in the eye
how do you take blood cultures in IE
3 sets of blood cultures
10ml sample from diffferent peripheral sites
at least 1 hr apart
what Duke criteria are positive for IE
2 major
2 major + 3 minor
5 minor
what scoring system is used in IE
Duke criteria
