Organ Histology Chapter 4

Question 0

How does cartilage receive its nutrition?

Answer 0

Diffusion

Question 1

Do cartilige and surrounding matrix have their own capillary network?

Answer 1

No

Question 2

What are the two functions of cartilage?

Answer 2

1. Support

2. Template for endochondral bone ossification

Question 3

Hyaline cartilage has what type of fibers?

Answer 3

Collagen II

Question 4

elastic cartilage has what type of fibers?

Answer 4

Collagen II and elastic fibers

Question 5

Fibrocartilage has what type of fibers?

Answer 5

Primarily collagen I

Question 6

Does hyaline cartilage have perichondrium?

Answer 6

Yes, usually

Question 7

Does elastin have perichondrium?

Answer 7

Yes, always

Question 8

Does fibrocartilage have perichondrium?

Answer 8

No

Question 9

What are the examples of hyaline cartilage?

Answer 9

Articular cartilage, 
Nasal cartlige
Epiphyseal growth plates
Trachea
Most of larynx
Thyroid
Costal cartlige

Question 10

What are examples of elastic cartilage?

Answer 10

Auricular cartilage
cartilage in larynx
Epiglottis

Question 11

What are the examples of fibrocartilage?

Answer 11

iVD – annulus fibrosus
Pubic symphysis
Articular disc (TMJ, knee meniscus)
Insertion of some tendons

Question 12

The Large proteoglycan molecules of ground substance are composed of what (3)?

Answer 12

Proteins, sulfated GAG’S, and HA

Question 13

What are the examples of sulfated GAG’s?

Answer 13

chondroitin sulfate, keratin sulfate, heparin sulfate

Question 14

What is the function of HA?

Answer 14

Holds water,

flexibility and resistance to compression

Question 15

What percentage of the matrix ground substance is water?

Answer 15

65–80%

Question 16

What is Chondronectin?

Answer 16

An adhesive glycoprotein

Question 17

What is the function of Chondronectin?

Answer 17

Maintains contact between matrix components

Question 18

What are the primary cells in hyaline?

Answer 18

Chondrogenic cells/chondroprogenitor cells

Question 19

What cells are found in the chondrogenic perichondrium?

Answer 19

Chondrogenic, chondrocytes, and chondroblast

Question 20

Chondrogenic cells are derived from?

Answer 20

Mesenchyme, occasionally osteoprogenitor cells

Question 21

What do chondrogenic cells differentiate into?

Answer 21

Chondroblasts

Sometimes osteoprogenitor cells

Question 22

Do chondrogenic cells go through mitosis?

Answer 22

Yes

Question 23

Chondrocytes are derived from?

Answer 23

Chondroblasts

Question 24

What do chondrocytes differentiate into?

Answer 24

Nothing, they are the mature cell.

Question 25

What are the functions of chondrocytes?

Answer 25

``` Produce CIF (calcification inhibitory factor), Inhibits salts from adhering to matrix of cartilige (makes brittle) ```

Question 26

Do chondrocytes go through mitosis?

Answer 26

Yes, probably

Question 27

Chondroblasts are derived from what?

Answer 27

Chondrogenics, maybe mesenchyme.

Question 28

Do chondroblasts undergo mitosis?

Answer 28

No

Question 29

Which hyaline cells require little oxygen?

Answer 29

Chondrocytes

Question 30

What is the location of the perichondrium?

Answer 30

peripheral to cartilage

Question 31

What are the two exceptions to the typical perichondrium location?

Answer 31

Articular cartilage | Epiphyseal growth plates

Question 32

What type of fiber is found in fibrous perichondrium?

Answer 32

Collagen I

Question 33

What is the fiber type found in chondrogenic perichondrium?

Answer 33

Collagen II

Question 34

What cells are found in fibrous perichondrium?

Answer 34

Fibroblast

Question 35

What cells are found in the chondrogenic perichondrium?

Answer 35

Chondroblasts and chondrogenic cells

Question 36

Which is vascular chondrogenic or fibrous perichondrium?

Answer 36

Fibrous perichondrium

Question 37

Chondrification begins from what?

Answer 37

Mesenchyme » chondroblast

Question 38

Chondroblast secrete what?

Answer 38

Matrix

Question 39

Cartilage expands outwards until it runs into a blood supply. What is the stopping point of cartilage development.

Answer 39

Chondrogenic perichondrium

Question 40

What are the three main structures of articular cartilage?

Answer 40

1) surface layer of collagen I 2) columns of chondrocytes 3) thin crystalline mineral plate next to bone

Question 41

The outer layer of a joint capsule is continuous with ______and composed of ________?

Answer 41

Periosteum of adjacent bone and fibrous dense CT.

Question 42

Which joint capsule layer Regenerates rapidly if damaged?

Answer 42

Synovial layer

Question 43

Synovial fluid contains what?

Answer 43

high concentrations of HA and lubricin (glycoprotein)

Question 44

What are the three regions of synovial membranes?

Answer 44

Fibrous, areolar, and adipose

Question 45

What are the two functions of appositional cartilage growth?

Answer 45

Enlarge existing cartilage, and healing

Question 46

The function of elastic cartilage is stretching. T/F

Answer 46

FALSE, it is to increase flexibility

Question 47

Fibrocartilage is avascular except where?

Answer 47

Knee minisci (some peripheral vascularization)

Question 48

What is the main limitation of fibrocartilage?

Answer 48

No appositional healing (100% scar tissue)