Chapter 1: Intro. To The Body

Question 1

Anatomy

Answer 1

The study of the structure of the human body.

Question 2

Physiology

Answer 2

The study of the functions of living organisms and their parts.

Question 3

Cells

Answer 3

Considered to be the smallest “living” units of structure and function in our body.

Question 4

Tissues

Answer 4

An organization of many cells that act together to perform a common function.

Question 5

Organs

Answer 5

A group of several different kinds of tissue arranged in ways that allow them to act as a unit to perform a special function.

Question 6

Systems

Answer 6

An organization of varying numbers and kinds of organs that can work together to perform complex functions for the body.

Question 7

Organisim

Answer 7

The body as a whole…i.e. all the atoms, molecules, cells, tissues, organs, and systems that interactively function together for survival.

Question 8

Anatomical Position

Answer 8

The body is in an erect or standing posture with the arms at the sides and the palms forward. The head and feet also point forward with the feet slightly apart from one another.

Question 9

Superior

Answer 9

Toward the head (upper/above).

Question 10

Inferior

Answer 10

Toward the feet (lower/below)

Question 11

Proximal

Answer 11

Toward or nearest the trunk of the body, or nearest the point of origin of one of its parts.

Question 12

Distal

Answer 12

Away from or farthest from the trunk or the point of origin of a body part.

Question 13

Supine

Answer 13

The body is lying face upward.

Question 14

Prone

Answer 14

The body is lying face downward.

Question 15

Transverse Plane

Answer 15

A horizontal or crosswise plane divides the body or any of its parts into upper and lower portions.

Question 16

Body Cavities

Answer 16

2 main cavities: Dorsal and Ventral

Question 17

Dorsal Cavity

Answer 17

Holds the Cranial and Spinal cavities.

Question 18

Ventral Cavity

Answer 18

Holds the Thoracic and Abdominopelvic Cavities.

Question 19

Thoracic Cavity

Answer 19

Mediastinum and Pleural Cavities.

Question 20

Mediastinum

Answer 20

Trachea, heart, and blood vessels.

Question 21

Pleural

Answer 21

Lungs

Question 22

Abdominopelvic Cavity

Answer 22

Abdominal and pelvic cavities.

Question 23

Abdominal Cavity

Answer 23

Liver, gallbladder, stomach, spleen, pancreas, small intestine, and parts of the large intestine.

Question 24

Pelvic Cavity

Answer 24

Lower (sigmoid) colon, rectum, urinary bladder, reproductive organs.

Question 25

Cranial Cavity

Answer 25

Brain

Question 26

Spinal Cavity

Answer 26

Spinal cord

Question 27

Axial

Answer 27

Head, neck and torso/trunk.

Question 28

Appendicular

Answer 28

Upper and lower extremities (limbs).

Question 29

Homeostasis

Answer 29

The relative constancy of the internal environment.

Question 30

Negative Feedback Loop

Answer 30

Opposes or negates a change in controlled condition.

Question 31

Positive Feedback Loop

Answer 31

(Stimulatory) Temporarily amplifies the change that is occurring until it is eventually stopped.

Question 32

Diaphram

Answer 32

Separates the thoracic and abdominopelvic cavities.