Alcohol and Nutrition

Question 1

What is this the chemical formula for: CH3CH2OH

Answer 1

Ethanol

Question 2

What is the chemical formula for ethanol?

Answer 2

CH3CH2OH

Question 3

Is alcohol said to have a high or low energy content?

Answer 3

High

Question 4

Alcohol is often described as having empty calories- why?

Answer 4

Very little nutrient value

Exception: folate in beer

Question 5

Why is there no DRV set for alcohol?

Answer 5

Because it is not considered an essential nutrient

Question 6

What percentage of the energy DRV is dedicated to alcohol?

Answer 6

5%

Question 7

What is the recommended upper limit of alcohol?

Answer 7

14 units per week

Question 8

What is the recommendation of alcohol for present women? Why is it this value?

Answer 8

0- due to the risk of fetal alcohol syndrome

Question 9

What are the effects of alcohol on the body?

Answer 9

Decreased inhibition
Slurred speech
reduced coordination
Unconscious

Question 10

What is the legal driving limit in the UK?

Answer 10

Less than 80mg/100ml of blood

Question 11

What is the relationship between alcohol and cancer described as being?

Answer 11

Complex- many studies produce conflicting findings

Question 12

Which tract within the body readily absorbs alcohol?

Answer 12

GI

Question 13

How is alcohol transported in the blood?

Answer 13

Unaltered

Question 14

What is the name of the two pathways that convert ethanol to acetaldehyde?

Answer 14

Alcohol dehydrogenase pathway

Cytochrome P450 system

Question 15

What are the benefits of alcohol?

Answer 15

Social
Reduced LDL, risk of CV disease, Type 2 diabetes
Increased HDL

Question 16

What does chronic excessive alcohol consumption lead to?

Answer 16

Fatty liver disease
Cirrhosis
Lactic acidosis
Metabolic tolerance

Question 17

What does a high NADH: NAH+ ratio indicate?

Answer 17

A metabolic shift that promotes fatty acids synthesis that causes lactic acidosis

Question 18

What are the consequences of acetaldehyde toxicity?

Answer 18

Impairs protein function

Impedes the formation of microtubules in the liver which leads to cirrhosis

Question 19

What is meant by the term metabolic tolerance?

Answer 19

Becoming tolerant to the acute effects of alcohol

• may result in deficiency
• results in a reduced number of retinol due to competition for retinal which leads to reduce vision and blindness