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Anatomy > Cytology & Histology > Flashcards

Cytology & Histology Flashcards

1
Q

What membrane allows certain materials to pass through

A

Selective membrane

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2
Q

Process by which a cell membrane surrounds and takes material in from the environment

A

Endocytosis

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3
Q

What movement of particles across a membrane requires energy

A

Active

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4
Q

Solution deals with concentration of dissolved substances is lower than concentration inside the cell

A

Hypotonic

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5
Q

Which organisms do not have cell walls

A

Animals

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6
Q

All living things are made up of

A

Cells

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7
Q

Cell that contains a nucleus

A

Eukaryote

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8
Q

What might be the result of a disease that causes a thickened plasma membrane?

A

Decreased movement of molecules entering the cell

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9
Q

What is movement of particles from a region of lesser concentration to a region of greater concentration?

A

Active Transport

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10
Q

Diffusion continues until there is no..?

A

concentration gradient

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11
Q

What is a plasma membrane made up of?

A

Lipid Bilayer

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12
Q

What structure is most responsible for maintaining cell homeostasis?

A

plasma membrane

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13
Q

Which tissue would be formed from the mesoderm (middle germ layer)?

A

Endothelial Tissue

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14
Q

What is an example of tissue repair?

A

regeneration and fibrosis

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15
Q

What scientist claims “cells only arise from other cells”?

A

Rudolph Virchow

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16
Q

What is the sugar-based cell coat?

A

Glycocoalyx

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17
Q

Who was the first man to “see” cells?

A

Robert Hooke

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18
Q

What are the components of the plasma membrane?

A

phospholipid bilayer, peripheral proteins, and integral proteins

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19
Q

What junction types of plasma membranes has protein molecules of adjacent membranes fused together (zipper-like)?

A

Tight Juctions

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20
Q

What junction types of plasma membranes are joined by proteins called connexons?

A

Gap Junctions

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21
Q

What is the diffusion of water only through a semi-permeable membrane?

A

Osmosis

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22
Q

What type of transport requires energy?

A

Active Transport

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23
Q

If a cell were to extend its cytoplasm to engulf a large particle, what would it be carrying out?

A

phagcytosis

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24
Q

What component of a cell is composed of colloid cytosol and contains organelles and inclusions?

A

cytoplasm

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25
Q

What is the movement of large molecules out of a cell?

A

Exocytosis

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26
Q

What is the site for protein synthesis?

A

Ribosomes

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27
Q

What is the powerhouse of the cell in which cellular respiration occurs?

A

Mitochondria

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28
Q

What cellular extension is responsible for movement?

A

Flagella and cilia

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29
Q

What is responsible for “rough” endoplasmic reticulum?

A

Ribosomes

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30
Q

Examples of cytoskeletal elements.

A

Microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules

31
Q

Growth, repair, and replacement are for what reasons?

A

Cell Division

32
Q

What helps the cell detoxify harmful substances?

A

Peroxisomes

33
Q

What is the site for cellular digestion?

A

Lysosomes

34
Q

What time during the cell cycle in which preparation is made for cell division?

A

Interphase

35
Q

What phase of mitosis is when chromatin condenses into chromosomes?

A

Prophase

36
Q

What is the opposite of prophase?

A

Telophase

37
Q

What two parts of the cell cycle are not part of mitosis?

A

Interphase and Cytokenisis

38
Q

When chromosomes line up at the equator of the cell during mitosis what is the cell in __?

A

Metaphase

39
Q

What is the transfer of information from a DNA gene sequence to its RNA complimentary base?

A

Transcription

40
Q

Cytokinesis occurs in conjunction with what phase of mitosis?

A

Telophase

41
Q

What is the most important and abundant fibers (connective tissue)?

A

Collagen

42
Q

What are the “net-like” interacting patterns of connective tissue?

A

Reticular fibers

43
Q

What is cartilage-forming connecting tissue?

A

Chondroblast

44
Q

Involuntary, uninucleated, striated muscle with intercalated discs are?

A

Cardiac Muscle

45
Q

Voluntary muscles that are multinucleated and striated are?

A

Skeletal Muscle

46
Q

Which type of muscle is involuntary muscle that is uninucleated, with no external striations?

A

Smooth Muscle

47
Q

What muscle is found in hollow organs and blood vessels?

A

Smooth

48
Q

What are mature bone cells called?

A

Osteocytes

49
Q

vascularity and regeneration are characteristics of what tissue?

A

Epithelial

50
Q

What is epithelial tissue classified as?

A

Cellular Shape and Respiration

51
Q

What is the function of epithelia?

A

Absorption, secretions, and filtration

52
Q

What gland are epithelia primarily found in?

A

Stratified Cuboidal

53
Q

What is rare to find in the human body?

A

Stratified Columnar

54
Q

What is cutaneous membrane?

A

Skin

55
Q

What are ductless glands?

A

Endocrine

56
Q

What epithelial tissue is composed of single layer and is tight and tall?

A

Simple Columnar

57
Q

What type of tissue arises from mesenchyme and is scarce in the brain?

A

Connective Tissue

58
Q

What type of tissue has a wide range of vasularity?

A

Connective

59
Q

What type of stratified epithelial line the urinary organs?

A

Transitional

60
Q

What are examples of cellular secretions?

A

Saliva, Pancreatic, and gastric glands

61
Q

What types of cells receives and transmits impulses?

A

Nervous

62
Q

What are immature cartilage cells?

A

Chondroblasts

63
Q

What type of RNA carries amino acids to the ribosomes for protein synthesis?

A

Transfer

64
Q

What type of RNA is the “template” for protein synthesis?

A

Messenger

65
Q

Epithelial tissue originates from__, endothelial tissue from__, and mucosae from__?

A

Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm

66
Q

What type is loose connective tissue?

A

Areolar and adipose

67
Q

What germ layer is most superficial?

A

Ectoderm

68
Q

What organelle is designated for storage?

A

Vacuole

69
Q

What is histology the study of?

A

Tissues

70
Q

What is the largest of the cytoskeletal elements are formed by globular proteins?

A

Microtubles

71
Q

If a DNA strand is ATCCGTC what would the order of the bases in the other strand?

A

TAGGCAG

72
Q

What structure describes a fluid mosaic model?

A

polar layers on the outside and a nonpolar layer on the inside

73
Q

When a molecule goes through a membrane faster than others, than the membrane is…?

A

Selectively Permeable

74
Q

If a cell is placed in salt water, water leaves the cell by…?

A

Osmosis

Anatomy (6 decks)

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