Microbiology - Systems Flashcards
ToRCHeS
microbes that may passed from mother to fetus
- mostly transplacental or via delivery (e.g. HSV-2)
- often present with hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, thrombocytopenia, and growth retardation
Toxoplasmoa gonddi
- transmitted by cat deces or ingestion of undercooked meat
- mother presentation: asymptomatic
- baby presentation: chorioretinits, hydrocephalus, and intracranial calcifications
Rubella
- transmitted via respiratory droplets
- maternal: rash, lymphadenopathy, arthritis
- neonatal: PDA (or pulmonary hypoplasia), cataracts, deafness +/ blueberry muffin rash
CMV
- transmitted via sexual contact, organ transplant
- maternal: mono-like illness, asymptomatic
- baby: hearing loss, seizures, petechial rash, blueberry muffin-rash
HIV
- transmitted via sexual contact, needlestick
- maternal: variable depending on CD4
- baby: recurrent infections, chronic diarrhea
HSV-2
- transmitted by skin or mucous membrane contact
- maternal: usually asymptomatic, herpetic lesions
- baby: encephalitis, herpetic lesions
Syphilis
- transmitted by sexual contact
- maternal: chancre (primary) and disseminated rash (secondary_
- baby: still birth, hydrops fetals. if child survives, facial abnormalities, saddle nose, short maxila, saber shings, CN VIII deafness
Red rashes of childhood
- Rubella
- Measles
- VZV
- HHV-6 (Roseola)
- Parvovirus (Erythema infectiosum)
- Scarlet fever (Group A Strep)
- Hand-foot-mouth disease (Coxsackie virus)
Bugs in unimmunized children
- Rubella
- Measles
- Meningitis
- Pharyngitis
- Epiglotti
Rash in unimmunized child that begins at head and moves down with posterior auricular lymphadenopathy
Rubella
Rash in unimmunized child/immigrantthat begins at head and movess down.
Rash preceded by cough, coryza (rhinitis), conjunctivitis, and blue-white spots on buccal mucosa
Measles
Meningitis in unimmunized child/immigrant
Colonizes nasopharynx
H. influenzae b
Meningitis in unimmunized child/immigrant
- leads to myalgia and paralysis
Poliomyelitis
Pharyngitis in unimmunized child/immigrant with grayish oropharyngeal exudate
(“pseudomembranes) that may obstruct airway
C. diptheriae
- elaborates toxin that causes necrosis in pharynx, cardiac, and CNS tissue
Epiglottitis in unimmunized child/immigrant. Has fever with dysphagia, drooling, difficulty breathing due to edematous “cherry red” epiglottis
H. influenzae
