Introduction Flashcards
Who was Robert Hooke?
An English microscopist.
What did Hooke wonder and what did he find?
He noticed that stoppers made out of tree bark float and he called the pores in the materials cellulae.
What did Anton van Leeuwenhoek do?
He examined pondwater that was filled with animalcules (microscopic animals) and also observed bacteria.
When did Anton van Leeuwenhoek carry out his observations?
1674.
What time period was Robert Hooke around?
1655.
Who came up with the cell theory and when?
Scheiden and Schwann in the 1830s.
What was the cell theory?
The idea that all organisms are composed of 1 or more cells and that the cell is the structural unit of life. They believed that cells could arise from non-cellular materials.
What was an important addition to the cell theory and when did it occur?
In 1855 Rudolf Virchow said that cells can only arise from a division of a pre-existing cell.
What does LUCA stand for?
Last universal common ancestor.
What are the three main domains of life?
Bacteria, archaea, eucarya.
What is cell biology?
The study of cells.
What is metabolism?
Carrying out chemical reactions?
What are the major energy producing cells?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts.
Why is the ability to manipulate model organisms useful?
The effect of the manipulations on the cell/organism can be studied.
Why do we use model organisms?
So the genomes can be studied without ethical issues. There is high sequence similarity between the models used and humans.
