Development L4 - Oral development biology: face, jaws, mouth

Question 1

Prominence in the upper facial area at the most cephalic end of the embryo. best describes what?

Fronto-nasal process

Cephalic end

Mandibular processes

Mandibular arch

Maxillary processes

Maxillary arch

Nasal placode

Placode

Answer 1

fronto-nasal process

Question 2

Head end of a structure such as the trilaminar embryonic disc. best describes what?

Fronto-nasal process

Cephalic end

Mandibular processes

Mandibular arch

Maxillary processes

Maxillary arch

Nasal placode

Placode

Answer 2

Cephalic end

Question 3

Processes of first branchial arch that fuse at the midline to form mandibular arch.​ best describes what?

Fronto-nasal process

Cephalic end

Mandibular processes

Mandibular arch

Maxillary processes

Maxillary arch

Nasal placode

Placode

Answer 3

Mandibular processes

Question 4

Lower dental arch with mandibular teeth or the 1st Branchial/Pharyngeal arch inferior to the stomodeum in the embryo. best describes what?

Fronto-nasal process

Cephalic end

Mandibular processes

Mandibular arch

Maxillary processes

Maxillary arch

Nasal placode

Placode

Answer 4

Mandibular arch

Question 5

Prominence from mandibular arch that grows superiorly and anteriorly on each side of the stomodeum of the embryo. best describes what?

Fronto-nasal process

Cephalic end

Mandibular processes

Mandibular arch

Maxillary processes

Maxillary arch

Nasal placode

Placode

Answer 5

Maxillary processes

Question 6

Upper dental arch in which the maxillary teeth form. best describes what?

Fronto-nasal process

Cephalic end

Mandibular processes

Mandibular arch

Maxillary processes

Maxillary arch

Nasal placode

Placode

Answer 6

Maxillary arch

Question 7

Placodes that develop into olfactory organ for the sensation of smell located in the mature nose.​best describes what?

Fronto-nasal process

Cephalic end

Mandibular processes

Mandibular arch

Maxillary processes

Maxillary arch

Nasal placode

Placode

Answer 7

nasal placode

Question 8

Area of ectoderm found at the location of the developing special sense organs on the embryo. best describes what?

Fronto-nasal process

Cephalic end

Mandibular processes

Mandibular arch

Maxillary processes

Maxillary arch

Nasal placode

Placode

Answer 8

placode

Question 9

fusion between the medial nasal prominences is regarded as not true fusion why is this.

Answer 9

the medial nasal prominences proliferate upwards alowing the fusion of prominences by the elimination of furrow

Question 10

the fusion between medial nasal prominence and maxillary process is classified as a true fusion. why is this.

Answer 10

as the medial nasal prominence and maxillary process proliferate they merge together causing a fusion between the two structures.

Question 11

which structure devlops in the stomodeum

Answer 11

tongue

Question 12

describe and illustrate the formation of the face from weeks 4 to 7

Answer 12

4th week: ​

primitive stomodeum bounded by​

FNP, max. and mand. process​

nasal placodes, develop into nasal pits​

5th week: ​

nasal pit surrounded by lateral + medial nasal prominence​

6th+7th week: ​

Medial nasal prominences fuse together and fuse with maxillary processes

Question 13

which facial prominence contributes to the development of the philtrum

Answer 13

the medial nasal prominence

Question 14

which facial prominence contributes to the crest and tip of the nose

Answer 14

medial nasal prominence

Question 15

which facial prominence contributes to the forehead and bridge of nose

Answer 15

frontonasal prominence

Question 16

which facial prominence contributes to the alae of nose

Answer 16

lateral nasal prominence

Question 17

which facial prominence contributes to the cheeks and lateral upper lip

Answer 17

maxillary prominence

Question 18

which facial prominence contributes to the lower lip

Answer 18

mandibular prominence

Question 19

in which week of embro development would you expect to see the first sign of tooth development

Answer 19

week 6

Question 20

the nasal capsule undergoes mesenchymal condensation and is the primary support for developing maxilla.

the nasal capsule remains continuous with cartilages from which part of the cranium

Answer 20

the cranial base

Question 21

the intermaxillary segment is part of which palate

Answer 21

primary palate

Question 22

ossification of the cartilage of the face occur at different times

when does the ossification of the following occur.

mandible

maxilla

palate and nasal capsule

Answer 22

mandible - 6-7 weeks

maxilla - 8 weeks

palate and nasal capsule - 8 weeks

Question 23

what are the two methods of osteogenesis

Answer 23

intramebranous

endochondral

Question 24

what type of ossification is being described

mesenchymal cells differentiate to osteoblast

osteblasts deposit osteoid

minerals are depositied

osteoblasts that are trapped or osteocytes

Answer 24

intramembranous ossification

Question 25

we know that ossification occurs and is driven by the primary centres of ossification

we also know that nerves are also responsible for driving ossification.

where would you find the primary centres for ossification in the maxilla

Answer 25

maxillary process

near nasal capsule

between infraorbital nerve and anterior aspect of the superior alveolar branch

Question 26

which nerve drives ossification towards the frontal process, palate, alveolus and zygomatic

Answer 26

the infraorbital nerve

Question 27

which two cells are responsible for the production of cartilage

Answer 27

chondroblast and chondrocytes

Question 28

there are three types of cartilage in the body

hyaline, fibrocartilage and elastic cartilage

match the cartilage with its correct description

• most common has a glassy appearance
• tendon insertions and intervertebral discs reinforced with collagen bundles
• external ear and epiglottis: flexible and resilient- has elastic fibres

Answer 28

Hyaline - most common has a glassy appearance

Fibrocartilage - tendon insertions and intervertebral discs reinforced with collagen bundles

elastic cartilage - external ear and epiglottis: flexible and resilient- has elastic fibres

Question 29

cartilage has 3 main functions

1. provide support framework for some organs
2. to form the articulating surface of bones
3. to form the template for gworth and development of long bones (endochondral ossification)

Question 30

the connective tissue that envelops cartilage where it is not at a joint. is called a what?

Answer 30

perichondrium

Question 31

in terms of vasculature how does cartilage differ compared to other connective tissue

Answer 31

AVASCULAR

Question 32

where would you expect the formation of the mandible to occur and what tyoe of ossification occurs.

Answer 32

the formation of the mandible will commence at the lower jaw region.

this is where the primary ossification centre is, at the bifurcation of the mental and incisve nerve.

the meckels cartilage doesnt form the mandible but more provides a framework for the mandible.

the type of ossification that occurs is intramembranous ossification.

Question 33

intramembranous ossification process starts with the differentiation of mesenchymal condensation to what cells?

Answer 33

osteoblast

Question 34

the mandible has secondary cartilages present which secondary cartilage;

appears during 10-12 weeks IUL (intrauterine life)

disappears at 20 years of age

Answer 34

the condylar cartilage appears during weeks 10-12 of IUL and dissapears at age 20

this cartilage is the most sensitive cartilage in body and can be manipulated to stimulate the development of the mandible (functional appliances)

Question 35

the mandible has secondary cartilages present which secondary cartilage;

• appear 14-16 weeks IUL​
• disappear before birth

Answer 35

the coronoid carilage

Question 36

the mandible has secondary cartilages present which secondary cartilage;

• appear 16 weeks​
• disappear 1st year after birth

Answer 36

symphyseal cartilage

Question 37

secondary cartilages undergo what type of ossification for postnatal development

Answer 37

endochondral ossification