87-94 Flashcards
(134 cards)
1
Q
It is characterized by simple vegetative bodies from which reproductive structures are elaborated. It contains no chlorophyll and therefore requires sources of complex organic molecules.
A. algae
B. fungi
C. virus
D. protozoa
A
B. fungi
2
Q
It is the most abundant metal of the earth’s crust.
A. iron
B. aluminum
C. lithium
D. sodium
A
B. aluminum
3
Q
It is commonly applied to any process used to effect partial or complete demineralization of highly saline waters such as seawater (35,000 ppm of dissolved salts) and brackish waters.
A. purification
B. desalting
C. deaeration
D. electrodialysis
A
B. desalting
4
Q
It converts solar energy into electricity directly.
A. electrolytic cell
B. electrochemical cell
C. photovoltaic cell
D. fuel cell
A
C. photovoltaic cell
5
Q
It is usually applied to cooling below ambient temperature.
A. air conditioning
B. refrigeration
C. thermal conduction
D. heat transfer
A
B. refrigeration
6
Q
An unwanted input signal that affects the system’s output signal.
A. disturbance signal
B. sensor signal
C. error signal
D. controlled variable signal
A
A. disturbance signal
7
Q
The device that cause the process to provide the output.
A. sensor
B. transmitter
C. adaptor
D. actuator
A
D. actuator
8
Q
```
The amount of radiation emitted in all directions and over all wavelengths by a perfect emitter is proportional to the fourth power of the absolute temperature of the emitter. This is the statement of
A. Stefan-Boltzmann law
B. Kirchhoff’s law
C. Wien’s Law
D. Planck’s Law
A
A. Stefan-Boltzmann law
8
Q
An ideal surface that absorbs all incident radiation regardless of wavelength and direction and is also considered as a perfect emitter is referred to as a
A. gray body
B. black body
C. pin hole
D. black hole
A
B. black body
8
Q
A heat transfer device that is normally used to liquefy vapors is
A. evaporator
B. condenser
C. boiler
D. cooler
A
B. condenser
9
Q
The reason for insulating the pipes is
A. they may not break under pressure
B. capacity to withstand pressure is increased
C. there is minimum corrosion
D. heat loss from the surface is minimized
A
D. heat loss from the surface is minimized
10
Q
The separation of a dilute slurry or suspension by gravity settling into a clear fluid and slurry or suspension by gravity settling into a clear fluid and a slurry of high solids content is called.
A. thickening
B. classification
C. sorting
D. centrifugation
A
A. thickening
11
Q
Moisture in a solid exerting an equilibrium vapor pressure equal to that of the pure liquid at the same temperature is
A. unbound moisture
B. free moisture
C. Critical moisture
D. bound moisture
A
A. unbound moisture
12
Q
Liquid-fluid extraction is possible when there is a difference in this property of a given solute between two immiscible solvents.
A. viscosity
B. solubility
C. vapor pressure
D. temperature
A
B. solubility
12
Q
A space-time of 3 hours for a flow reactor means that
A. the time required to process one reactor volume of feed (measured at specified conditions) is 3 hour
B. three reactor volumes of feed can be processed every hour
C. it takes three hours to dump the entire volume of the reaction with feed
D. conversion is cent per cent after three hours
A
A. the time required to process one reactor volume of feed (measured at specified conditions) is 3 hour
12
Q
This is an operation whereby components of a liquid mixture are separated by boiling because of their difference in vapor pressure.
A. distillation
B. drying
C. evaporation
D. leaching
A
A. distillation
13
Q
The efficiency is the efficiency for a single plate of distillation column.
A. specific
B. point
C. murphree
D. local
A
A. specific
14
Q
Moisture contain by a substance in excess of the equilibrium moisture is called
A. unbound moisture
B. free moisture
C. critical moisture
D. bound moisture
A
B. free moisture
15
Q
The Bond work index for a mesh-of-grind of 200 mesh for a rock consisting mainly of quartz is 17.5 kWh/ton. How much power (in kW) is needed to reduce the material in a wet-grinding ball mill from an 80 percent passing size of 1100 μm to an 80 percent passing size of 80 μm at a capacity of 10 to per hour?
A. 120 kW
B. 143 kW
C. 176 kW
D. 200 kW
A
B. 143 kW
16
Q
Calculate the terminal velocity for a spherical droplets of coffee extract, 400 microns in diameter, falling through air. The specific gravity of coffee extract is 1.03 and the air is 300oF.
A. 3.57 ft/s
B. 8.5 ft/s
C. 0.56 ft/s
D. 10.4 ft/s
A
A. 3.57 ft/s
17
Q
If coal having a heat of combustion of 14,000 BTU/lb is used in a heating plant of 50% efficiency, how many pounds of steam of 50% quality and 212oF temperature can be made per pound of this coal from water whose initial temperature is 70oF?
A. 11.12 lb
B. 12.04 lb
C. 12.76 lb
D. 13.21 lb
A
A. 11.12 lb
18
Q
It is planned to lift and move logs from almost inaccessible forest areas by means of balloons. Helium at atmospheric (101.325 kPa) and temperature 21.1oC is to be used in balloons. What minimum balloon diameter (assume spherical shape) will be required for gross lifting
force of 20,000 kg? gas constant for air and Helium are 287.08 and 2077.67 J/kg-K, respectively
A. 16.65 m
B. 33.3 m
C. 44.4 m
D. 48.4 m
A
B. 33.3 m
19
Q
100 lb of saturated liquid water at 50 psia contained in a closed vessel are heated until 80% of water is vaporized. The amount of heat added to the system is closest to?
A. 90876 Btu
B. 73920 Btu
C. 65200 Btu
D. 48200 Btu
A
B. 73920 Btu
20
Q
80 kg of water at 95oC is adiabatically mixed with 20 kg of cold water at 40oC. The entropy change for the process is closest to
A. 0.8473 kJ/K
B. 5.0 kJ/K
C. -0.8473 kJ/K
D. -5.0 kJ/K
A
A. 0.8473 kJ/K
21
If the total percentage of particles larger than the screen opening in the fee, oversize, undersize are 36%, 89% and 3%, respectively the effectiveness of the screen if the undersize is the product is
A. 0.98
B. 0.89
C. 0.78
D. 0.65
B. 0.89
22
At what critical speed which the flow of water in a long cylindrical pipe of diameter 2 cm becomes turbulent considering that the temperature is 20oC, viscosity is 1E-3 Pa-s, and the critical Reynolds number is 3000.
A. 0.350 m/s
B. 0.250 m/s
C. 0.234 m/s
D. 0.150 m/s
D. 0.150 m/s
23
For question 9-10, refer to the following; 10 kmols of the fuel gas (composition by volume: methane 85%, ethane 10.5%, nitrogen 4,5%) is burned with 15% excess air. If complete combustion is assumed;
9. Total number of moles after combustion per 10 kmols of gas is
A. 123.64
B. 272
C. 33.9
D. 124
10. If the total pressure is 100.6 kPa, the partial pressure of water vapor (in kPa) is
A. 16.4
B. 2.7
C. 0.16
D. 2.38
9. A. 123.64
10. A. 16.4
24
What is the ratio of the average velocity to maximum velocity for water flowing in a 1” schedule 40 pipe?
A. 0.8
B. 0.9
C. 0.6
D. 0.5
D. 0.5
25
13. Four kg of water is placed in an enclosed volume of 1 m3. Heat is added until the temperature is 150oC. Find the pressure of the vapor.
A. 465.9 kPa
B. 470.2 kPa
C. 475.8 kPa
D. 477.2 kPa
14. From the data in problem #13, find the mass of the vapor.
A. 2.542 kg
B. 2.650 kg
C. 2.721 kg
D. 2.782 kg
15. From the data in problem #13, find the volume of the vapor.
A. 0.8845 m3
B. 0.9240 m3
C. 0.9791 m3
D. 0.9985 m3
13. C. 475.8 kPa
14. A. 2.542 kg
15. D. 0.9985 m3
25
Water at 60 deg F flows through a 3-inch inside diameter smooth horizontal pipe. If the Reynold’s number is 353000, calculate the ratio of maximum velocity to average velocity.
A. 1.05
B. 1.22
C. 1.72
D. 1.89
B. 1.22
26
A certain stoichiometric problem was solved on the basis of 100 mole dry flue gas (DFG). The given conditions at the stack outlet are as follows: 780 mmHg, 970 K and the partial pressure of H2O is 24 mmHg. The computed total moles of H2O is
A. 2.340
B. 4.232
C. 3.175
D. 6.225
C. 3.175
27
From data in problem #16, the partial pressure of H2O is equal to ____ in Hg.
A. 0.88
B. 0.80
C. 0.85
D. 0.94
D. 0.94
28
The gas phase irreversible reaction A + B → C is elementary. The entering flow rate of A is 10 mol/min and is equal molar in A and B. The entering concentration of A is 0.4 mol/L. What CSTR volume [L] is necessary to achieve 90% conversion?
A. 113
B. 227
C. 851
D. 900
C. 851
28
A homogenous gas reaction A → 3R has a reported rate at 215oC -rA=10^-2CA^0.5, [mole/liter-sec]
Find the space time needed for 80% conversion of a 50% A – 50% inert feed a plug flow reactor operating at 215oC and 5 atm (CAo=0.0625 mol/liter).
A. 33.2 sec
B. 56.6 sec
C. 2.1 min
D. 4.5 min
A. 33.2 sec
28
A quantity of ice at 0.0oC was added to 40 g of water at 19oC in an insulated container. All of the ice melted, and the water temperature decreased to 0.0oC. How many grams of ice were added?
A. 9.52 g
B. 12.4 g
C. 14.1 g
D. 16.8 g
A. 9.52 g
29
Steam generated in a power plant at a pressure of 8600 kPa and a temperature of 500oC is fed to a turbine. Exhaust from the turbine enters a condenser at 10 kPa, where it is condensed to a saturated liquid, which is then pump to the boiler. What is the thermal efficiency of a Rankine cycle operating at these conditions?
A. 39.7%
B. 46.2%
C. 50.8%
D. 61.2%
A. 39.7%
30
A gaseous fuel is composed of 20% methane (CH4), 40% ethane (C2H6) and 40% propane (C3H8), where all percentage are by volume. The volumetric analysis of the dry products of combustion (ie. Everything except the water) for this fuel gives 10.6 % carbon dioxide (CO2), 3% oxygen (O2), 1% carbon monoxide (CO) and 85.4% nitrogen (N2). Determine the air fuel ratio on a mass basis for this reaction.
A. 1
B. 18
C. 23
D. 33
B. 18
30
30. A steel casting [Cp=0.5 kJ/kg-K] weighing 40 kg and at a temperature of 450oC is quenched in 150 kg of oil [Cp=2.5 kJ/kg-K] at a 25oC. if there are no heat losses, what is the change in entropy of the oil?
A. 26.13 kJ/K
B. -16.33 kJ/K
C. 9.80 kJ/K
D. 0
31. From data in problem #30, what is the change in entropy of the oil and casting considered together?
A. 26.13 kJ/K
B. -16.33 kJ/K
C. 9.80 kJ/K
D. 0
30. A. 26.13 kJ/K
31. C. 9.80 kJ/K
30
A horizontal piston/cylinder arrangement is placed in a constant temperature bath. The piston slides in the cylinder with negligible friction, and an external force holds it in place against an initial gas pressure of 14 bar. The initial gas volume is 0.03 m3. The external force on the piston is reduced gradually, and the gas expands isothermally as its volume doubles. If the volume of the gas is related to its pressure so that the product PV is constant, what is the work done by the gas in moving the external force?
A. -29.11 kJ
B. -32.08 kJ
C. -33.25 kJ
D. -34.08 kJ
A. -29.11 kJ
31
A solid steel sphere of specific gravity of 7.85 and diameter of 0.02 m is falling at its terminal velocity through water. What is its velocity in ft/s?
A. 1488
B. 4880
C. 6.21
D. 0.42
C. 6.21
32
What is the settling time [sec] for galena particles to settle under free settling conditions through 5 ft of water at 50degF? Galena is spherical in shape. With specific gravity and 0,01 inch diameter
A. 38.1
B. 18.3
C. 13.8
D. 5
B. 18.3
33
A mole of steam is compressed at 100oC, and the water is cooled to 0oC and frozen to ice. What is the entropy change of the water in
cal/oK?
A. -36.9
B. -35.1
C. -34.8
D. -34.3
A. -36.9
33
A diesel engine has a compression ratio of 15:1 that is; the air in the cylinder is compressed to 1/15 of its initial volume. Find the final pressure after compressing an atmospheric air of temperature 27 C.
A. 44 atm
B. 47 atm
C. 40 atm
D. 41 atm
A. 44 atm
33
A floating cylinder 8 cm in diameter and weighing 9.32 Newtons is placed in a cylindrical container that is 20 cm in diameter and partially full of water. The increase in the depth of water when the float is placed in it is
A. 10 cm
B. 5 cm
C. 3 cm
D. 2 cm
C. 3 cm
34
A fluid at 690 kPa has a specific volume of 0.25 m3/kg and enters an apparatus with a velocity of 15 m/s. Heat radiation losses in the apparatus are equal to 25 kJ/kg of fluid supplied. The fluid leaves the apparatus at 135 kPa with a specific volume of 0.9 m3/kg and a velocity of 300 m/s. In the apparatus, the shaft work done by the fluid is equal to 900 kJ/kg. does the internal energy of the fluid increase or decrease, and how much is the change?
A. 858 kJ/kg (increase)
B. 858 kj/kg (decrease)
C. 908 kJ/kg (increase)
D. 908 kJ/kg(decrease)
D. 908 kJ/kg(decrease)
35
Exhaust steam from a turbine exhaust into a surface condenser at a mass flow rate of 4000 kg/hr, 9.59 kPa, and 92 % quality. Cooling water enters the condenser at 15oC and leaves at the steam inlet temperature. The cooling water mass rate in kg/hr is closest to
A. 157,200
B. 70,200
C. 95,000
D. 88,000
B. 70,200
35
A solution of Na2SO4 in water is saturated at 50oC. When a saturated solution of Na2SO4 is cooled, crystals of Na2SO4-10H2O separate from the solution. If 1000 kg of this solution is cooled to 10oC, the percentage yield obtain is nearly
A. 91%
B. 90%
C. 100%
D. 80%
A. 91%
36
For question 43-44, refer to the following; A liquid phase reaction A → R is carried out in a series of three completely mixed stirred tank reactors of equal size. The reaction rate constant k is 0.066/min. Overall conversion is 90%. The feed rate is 10 liters/min and the feed contains only A in concentration of 1 gmol/L.
43. The over-all space-time in minutes for the three-reactor system is
A. 5.24
B. 524
C. 52.4
D. 17.5
44. The concentration from the second reactor is
A. 0.2148
B. 0.1
C. 0.35
D. 0.5
43. C. 52.4
44. A. 0.2148
36
A heat engine absorbs 1055 kJ at 427oC and rejects heat at 38oC. the work done in kJ by the engine if its efficiency is 50% of the Carnot efficiency is close to
A. 496.6
B. 293.3
C. 1265
D. 320
B. 293.3
37
A gas whose viscosity of 200 μP flows through a capillary tube 2 mm in diameter and 2 meters long. If 5 liters of gas pass through the tube every 10 seconds, what must be the pressure head in dynes/cm2 under which the gas is flowing?
A. 5.09E5
B. 7.56E5
C. 8.31E5
D. 9.04E5
A. 5.09E5
37
A tank holds 500 m3 of brine. Brine containing 2 kg/m3 of salt flows into the tank at the rate of 5 m3/min and the mixture kept uniform, flows
at the rate of 10 m3/min. If the maximum amount of the salt is found in the tank at the end of 20 minutes, what is the initial salt content of the tank?
A. 375 kg
B. 500 kg
C. 750 kg
D. 600 kg
A. 375 kg
37
Air at 1 atm and 68oF is flowing in a long, rectangular duct whose cross section is 1 ft by 0.5 ft, with average velocity of 40 ft/s. the roughness of the duct is 0.00006 in. What is the pressure drop in Pa per meter length?
A. 2.8
B. 6.8
C. 10.2
D. 14.1
B. 6.8
38
The temperatures of three different liquids are maintained at 15oC, 20oC, and 25oC respectively. When equal masses of the first two liquids are mixed, the final temperature is 18oC, and when equal masses of the last two liquids are mixed, the final temperature is 24oC. What temperature will be achieved by mixing equal masses of the first and the last liquid?
A. 8.65oC
B. 10.30 oC
C. 15.83 oC
D. 23.57 oC
D. 23.57 oC
38
A gaseous reaction A→2B + C takes place isothermally in a constant pressure reactor. Starting with a gaseous mixture containing 50% A and the rest inert materials, the ratio of final to initial volume is found to be 1.8. The percent conversion of A is
A. 80%
B. 50%
C. 60%
D. 74%
A. 80%
38
A sample of lignite was found to contain 34.55% moisture, 22.91% FC, 7.2% ash, 1.1%S and 0.57% N with a calorific value of 16.45 MJ/kg. Calculate % C in the coal.
A. 46.15%
B. 49.09%
C. 65.76%
D. 55.40
A. 46.15%
39
The flue gas from the combustion of a hydrocarbon fuel has the following Orsat analysis: 5.68% CO2, 2.43% CO, 6.4% O2 and 85.4 % N2. The percent excess air supplied is
A. 30.0%
B. 34.8%
C. 38.6%
D. 42.5%
A. 30.0%
40
A furnace is fired with coal with a velocity of 20 m/s and enthalpy of 3140 kJ/kg. The coal has a heating of 32,000 kJ/kg and the refuse was analyzed to contain 4.8% VCM, 12.6% FC and 82.6% ash. The percentage of the carbon lost in the refuse is
A. 2.16%
B. 2.97%
C. 3.02%
D. 2.98%
A. 2.16%
41
A furnace is fired with coal with the following proximate analysis: 5%M, 60%FC, 25%VCM and 10% ash. Its calorific value is 31.33 MJ/kg. Calculate the % VCM lost in the refuse if the refuse analyzes 25% FC, 4.4 % VCM, 70.6% ash.
A. 5.1
B. 4.59
C. 2.21
D. 3.45
C. 2.21
41
1.8 kg/s of steam enter a turbine with a velocity of 20 m/s and enthalpy of 3140 kJ/kg. The steam enters the condenser after being expanded to 2500 kJ/kg at 38 m/s . There is a total heat loss from the turbine casing of 53 kJ/s. Potential energy changes are insignificant. What power is generated at the turbine shaft?
A. 875 kW
B. 1098 kW
C. 1515 kW
D. 1480 kW
B. 1098 kW
42
Water at 20oC is flowing in a pipe of radius 1.0 cm. The viscosity of water at 20oC is 1.005 centipoise. If the flow speed at the center is 0.200 m/s and the flow is laminar, find the pressure drop along a 5 m section pipe.
A. 20.4 Pa
B. 40.2 Pa
C. 13.4 Pa
D. 45.8 Pa
B. 40.2 Pa
42
56. An oil is in laminar flow in a ½ -in I.D. tube at 6 gal/min. The oil viscosity is 300 centipoises, and its density is 60 lb/ft 3. Calculate the
pressure drop per foot pipe length in psia.
A. 0.45
B. 112
C. 42.1
D. 7.84
57. From the data in problem #56, calculate the velocity at the center of the tube in ft/s.
A. 5.4
B. 12.5
C. 19.6
D. 9.8
58. From the data in problem #56, calculate the radial position at which the pint velocity is equal to the average velocity in inches.
A. 0.177
B. 0.085
C. 0.244
D. 0.221
56. D. 7.84
57. C. 19.6
58. A. 0.177
43
The solubility of a substance A at 25oC is 25 g/L and at 50oC its solubility is 75 g/L. If 500 mL of a saturate solution of A is cooled from 50oC to 25oC, how many grams of solute A will be crystallized? Assume volume of solute in the solution is negligible.
A. 12.5 g
B. 37.5 g
C. 25 g
D. 32.5 g
C. 25 g
44
Air at 394.3 K flows through a packed bed of cylinders having a diameter of 0.0127 m and a length the same as the diameter. The bed void fraction is 0.40 and the length of the packed bed is 3.66 n. The air enters the bed at 2.20 atm abs at the rate of 2.45 kg/m2-s based on the empty cross section of the bed. Calculate the pressure drop of air in the bed.
A. 12.3 kPa
B. 15.47 kPa
C. 18.20 kPa
D. 20.35 kPa
B. 15.47 kPa
45
Calculate the terminal velocity of a steel bar 2 mm diameter and of density 7870 kg/m3 in an oil of density 900 kg/m3 and viscosity 50
mN·s/m2.
A. 0.189 m/s
B. 4.55 m/s
C. 8.12 m/s
D. 14.8 m/s
A. 0.189 m/s
46
What is the mass of a sphere of material of density 7500 kg/m3 whose terminal velocity in a large deep tank of water is 0.6 m/s?
A. 0.029 g
B. 2.9 g
C. 0.00029 g
D. 29.0 g
A. 0.029 g
47
A solution containing 10 per cent of caustic soda is to be concentrated to a 35 per cent solution at a rate of 180000 kg/day during a year of 300 working days. A suitable single-effect evaporator for this purpose, neglecting the condensing plant, costs $1600 and for a multipleeffect evaporator the cost may be taken as $1600N, where N is the number of effects. Boiler steam may be purchased at $0.20/1000 kg and the vapour produced may be assumed to be 0.85N kg/kg of boiler steam. Assuming the interest on capital, depreciation, and other fixed charges amount to 45 per cent of the capital involved per annum, and that the cost of labour is constant and independent of the number of effects employed, determine the number of effects which, based on the data given, will give the maximum economy.
A. 1 B. 2 C. 3 D. 4
D. 4
48
A single effect evaporator operates at 13 kN/m2. What will be the heating surface necessary to concentrate 1.25 kg/s of 10 per cent caustic soda to 41 per cent, assuming a value of U of 1.25 kW/m2·K, using steam at 390K? the heating surface is 1.2 m below the liquid level. The boiling-point rise of the solution is 30 deg K, the feed temperature is 291K, the specific heat capacity of the feed is 4.0 kJ/kg·K, the specific heat capacity of the product is 3.26 kJ/kg·K and the density of the boiling liquid is 1390 kg/m3.
A. 45 m2
B. 75 m2
C. 107 m2
D. 142 m
C. 107 m2
49
7. A saturated solution containing 1500 kg of potassium chloride at 360 K is cooled in an open tank to 290K. if the density of the solution is 1200 kg/m3 the solubility of potassium chloride/100 parts of water by mass is 53.55 at 330K and 34.5 at 290K, calculate the capacity (in m3) of the tank required.
A. 1.27 m3
B. 3.58 m3
C. 7.88 m3
D. 12.4 m3
8. From the data in problem #7, the mass of crystals obtained, neglecting any loss of water by evaporation
A. 375 kg
B. 455 kg
C. 534 kg
D.588 kg
7. B. 3.58 m3
8. C. 534 kg
49
The heat required when 1 kmol of MgSO4·7H2O is dissolved isothermally at 291 K in a large mass of water is 13.3 MJ. What is the heat of crystallization per unit mass of the salt?
A. 47.8 kJ/kg
B. 53.9 kJ/kg
C. 62.1 kJ/kg
D. 68.6 kJ/kg
B. 53.9 kJ/kg
49
A single effect evaporator is used to concentrate 0.075 kg/s of a 10 per cent caustic soda liquor to 30 per cent. The unit employs forced circulation in which the liquor is pumped through the vertical tubes of the calandria which are 32 mm o.d. by 28 mm i.d. and 1.2 m long. Steam is supplied at 394K, dry the saturated, and the boiling point rise of the 30 per cent solution is 15 deg K. if the overall heat transfer coefficient is 1.75 kW/m2·K, how many tubes should be used. The latent heat of vaporization under these conditions is 2270 kJ/kg.
A. 45
B. 68
C. 93
D. 115
C. 93
50
2.5 kg/s of a solution at 288K containing 10 per cent of dissolved solids is fed to a forward-feed double-effect evaporator, operating at 14 kN/m2 in the last effect. If the product is to consist of a liquid containing 50 per cent by mass of dissolved solids and dry saturated steam is fed to the steam coils, what should be the pressure of the steam? The surface in each effect is 50m2 and the coefficient for the heat
transfer in the first and second effects are 2.8 and 1.7 kW/m2·K respectively. It may be assumed that the concentrated solution exhibits a
boiling point rise of 5 deg K, and the latent heat has a constant value of 2260 kJ/kg and that the specific heat capacity of the liquid stream
is constant at 3.75 kJ/kg·K.
A. 75 kN/m2
B. 98 kN/m2
C. 115 kN/m2
D. 130 kN/m2
C. 115 kN/m2
51
10. 2000 kg/h of a mixture consisting of 60 wt% benzene and 40 wt% toluene is to be separated in a distillation column. The distillate is to
contain 98 wt% benzene and 95% of feed benzene is to be recovered as distillate. What is the flow rate of the distillate?
A. 820 kg/h
B. 980 kg/h
C. 1163 kg/h
D. 1544 kg/h
11. From the data in problem #10, calculate the flow rate of the bottom product.
A. 745 kg/h
B. 837 kg/h
C. 988 kg/h
D. 1025 kg/h
12. From the data in problem #10, calculate the percentage of benzene in the bottom product.
A. 7.2% B. 92.8% C. 12.5% D. 87.5%
10. C. 1163 kg/h
11. B. 837 kg/h
12. A. 7.2%
52
13. 100 kg of a mixture of sodium sulfate crystals (Na2SO4·10H2O) and sodium chloride (NaCl) is heated to drive all the water. Final weight of the dry mixture is 58.075 kg. calculate the mass of sodium sulfate crystal in the original mixture.
A. 75 kg
B. 50 kg
C. 25 kg
D. 10 kg
14. From the data in problem #13, calculate the mass of sodium chloride in the original mixture.
A. 75 kg
B. 50 kg
C. 25 kg
D. 10 kg
15. From the data in problem #13, calculate the molar ratio of dry NaSO4 and NaCl in the original mixture.
A. 0.45
B. 0.55
C.0.65
D. 0.75
13. A. 75 kg
14. C. 25 kg
15. B. 0.55
52
Calculate the amount of H2S in cubic meters measured at 49˚C and at a pressure of 0.2 barG, which may be produced from 10 kg of FeS.
A. 2.5 m3
B. 3.0 m3
C. 3.5 m3
D. 4.0 m3
A. 2.5 m3
53
17. A piston cylinder initially contains 100 gmol of an ideal gas at a pressure of 516.3 kN/m2 A and 10˚C. External pressure is 101.3 kN/m2. The piston is weighted with 100 kg of weight and held in place with latches. The temperature is kept constant. When latches are released, the piston moves up and comes to rest when the forces are balanced. Calculate the work done during this expansion. Area of cross section of piston is 0.0029 m2.
A. 20 kJ B. 25 kJ C. 30 kJ D. 35 kJ
18. From the data in problem 17, next the mass is remove and the cylinder is allowed to come to equilibrium against the external pressure. What is the work done in this step?
A. 216 kJ B. 178 kJ C. 157 kJ D. 125 kJ
19. From the data in problem #17, what would be the work done if the gas were expanded reversibly against the external pressure?
A. 275 kJ B. 383 kJ C. 126.7 kJ D. 65.4 kJ
17. D. 35 kJ
18. A. 216 kJ
19. B. 383 kJ
54
20. Two Carnot engines are operating in series. The first one absorbs heat at a temperature of 1111 K and rejects heat to the second engine at a temperature T. the second engine receives the heat at the intermediate temperature T and rejects it to a reservoir at 300 K. Calculate T if the efficiencies of the two engines are equal.
A. 498 K
B. 577 K
C. 645 K
D. 722 K
21. From the data in problem #20, calculate T if the work done by the two engines are equal.
A. 488 K
B. 585 K
C. 705 K
D. 645 K
20. B. 577 K
21. C. 705 K
55
Calculate the specific volume (in m3/kmol) of CH3Cl at 1379 kPa and 205˚C using the Van der Waals equation. Van der Waals constant for CH3Cl are a=757.4 kPa·m6/kmol2
and b=0.034 m3/kmol.
A. 2.76
B. 3.65
C. 4.23
D. 4.99
A. 2.76
56
25 kg of carbon dioxide are to be heated from 300 to 700 K at constant volume. Calculate the number of kJ to be supplied. Specific heat of carbon dioxide is given by Cp=43.26 + 0.0115T where Cp is in kJ/kmol·K and T is in degrees Kelvin.
A. 7655 kJ
B. 8675 kJ
C. 8822 kJ
D. 9249 kJ
D. 9249 kJ
56
23. A Carnot engine operates in a closed system by absorbing heat at 927˚C and rejecting heat at 27˚C and produces 5021 kJ of net work. Determine the heat input of the engine.
A. 6695 kJ
B. 6422 kJ
C. 5988 kJ
D. 5465 kJ
24. From the data in problem #23, determine the heat output of the engine.
A. 1422 kJ
B. 1674 kJ
C. 1877 kJ
D. 1988 kJ
23. A. 6695 kJ
24. B. 1674 kJ
57
The constant pressure specific heat of acetonitrile vapor at low pressure is given by the equation Cp=21.3 + 11.562E-2T-3.812E-5T^2 where T in K and Cp is in kJ/kgmol·K. Estimate specific heat ratio (Cp/Cv) for acetonitrile at 1000 K.
A. 1.09
B. 1.76
C. 2.15
D. 2.67
A. 1.09
57
Liquid allyl alcohol has a vapor pressure of 53.32 kPa at 80.2˚C and its normal boiling point is 96.6˚C. calculate the heat of vaporization over the temperature range of 80.2 to 96.6˚C.
A. 35678 kJ/kmol
B. 42472 kJ/kmol
C. 48855 kJ/kmol
D. 52344 kJ/kmol
B. 42472 kJ/kmol
58
In a refrigeration cycle using HFC-143a, the refrigerant enters the expansion valve as saturated liquid at 10 barA and 40˚C, the downstream pressure is 1.38 barA. What is the entropy increase (kJ/kg·K) in the expansion?
A. 0.0057
B. 0.035
C. 0.65
D. 2.14
B. 0.035
59
A certain reaction has the rate given by –rA=0.01CA^2 mol/cm3·min. If the rate is to be expressed in kmol/liter^2·h, what is the value of the rate constant?
A. 0.6 L/kmol·h
B. 0.6 L/kmol·min
C. 0.8 L/kmol·h
D. 0.8 L/kmol·min
A. 0.6 L/kmol·h
59
For a gas phase elementary reaction, A → 3R, what is fractional volume change assuming the volume varies linearly between zero and complete conversion? The reaction mixture initially contains 40% by volume inerts.
A. 0.8
B. 1.0
C. 1.2
D. 1.4
C. 1.2
60
A substance A decomposes by first order kinetics. In a batch reactor, 50% A is converted in 5 min. How much longer would it take to reach 90% conversion?
A. 12.4 min
B. 16.6 min
C. 18.9 min
D. 21.4 min
B. 16.6 min
60
32. The reaction CO2 + H2 ↔ CO + H2O is carried out by heating to 1000K and allowing the reaction to come to equilibrium at 50 bar total pressure. 60% of CO2 is found to be converted. What is the value of the equilibrium constant Kp if the initial mixture consisted of only CO2 and H2 in equimolar proportion? Assume ideal behavior of components.
A. 1.12
B. 2.25
C. 2.88
D. 3.15
33. From the data in problem #32, what is the partial pressure of CO in the mixture?
A. 8 barA
B. 12 barA
C. 15 barA
D. 18 barA
32. B. 2.25
33. C. 15 barA
61
34. A liquid phase reaction A → R is carried out in a CFSTR. The reaction rate is 1 mol/liter/h. Feed is 5% converted. Find the size of the reactor needed for 80% conversion of feed is to be processed at a rate of 1200 mol/h.
A. 600 L
B. 800 L
C. 900 L
D. 1000 L
35. From the data in problem #34, if the feed rate is doubled, what is the size of the reactor needed?
A. 1200 L
B. 1350 L
C. 1500 L
D. 1800 L
34. C. 900 L
35. D. 1800 L
62
36. A homogeneous liquid phase second-order reaction 2A → R is carried out in a plug-flow reactor with 60% conversion. What will be the new conversion in a plug-flow reactor two times as large if all other variables remain the same, and if the reaction takes place without a volume change? Feed to the reactor is pure A.
A. 0.75
B. 0.70
C. 0.65
D. 0.60
A. 0.75
63
Production of a chemical plant of a rated manufacturing capacity 100,000 tons of chemical per year involves the following costs:
Plant investments………...$10,000,000.00
Overhead costs………...$1,000,000.00/yr
Manufacturing costs………$50/ton
Selling price……………..$100/ton
Assuming depreciation of 10%, calculate the breakeven capacity as a percent of rated capacity of the chemical plant.
A. 30%
B. 40%
C. 50%
D. 60%
B. 40%
64
Air at 1 bar and 25˚C enters a compressor at low velocity, discharges at 3 bar and enters a nozzle in which it expands to a final velocity of 600 m/s at the initial conditions of pressure and temperature. If the work of compression is 240 kJ/kilogram of air, how much heat must be removed during compression in kJ/kg?
A. 60
B. 180
C. 240
D. 300
A. 60
64
A 2200-kg automobile travelling at 90 kph (25 m/s) hits the rear of s stationary, 1000-kg automobile. After the collision, the large automobile slows to 50 kph (13.89 m/s) the smaller vehicle has a speed of 88 kph (24.44 m/s). what has been the increase in internal energy, taking both the vehicles as the system?
A. 120.7 kJ
B. 176.6 kJ
C. 145.2 kJ
D. 15.1 kJ
B. 176.6 kJ
64
38. The inside temperature of a composite wall is maintained at 2000˚F, and the outside ambient air temperature is maintained at 70˚F. The composite wall consists of three layers of materials; their thickness from the hotter to the colder surface is 12, 12 and 10 inches, respectively. The corresponding thermal conductivities are 0.4, 0.2 and 0.1 Btu/hr·ft·˚F, respectively. Assume that thermal conductivities are invariant with temperature and inside heat transfer resistance is negligible. The outside air film heat transfer coefficient is 2 Btu/hr·ft2·˚F. Calculate the heat loss through the composite wall in Btu/hr·ft2.
A. 118
B. 124
C. 132
D. 138
39. From the data in problem #38, calculate the outside surface temperature.
A. 89˚F
B. 98˚F
C. 112˚F
D. 129˚F
38. A. 118
39. D. 129˚F
65
Assume that spheres having diameters of 0.005 cm and a density of 1.2 g/cm3 are settling in water (0.01 poises) under free settling conditions where the particles do not interfere with each other. What would be the free settling velocity in cm per seconds?
A. 2.05
B. 1.08
C. 0.57
D. 0.027
D. 0.027
66
43. A water cooler uses 50 lb/hr of melting ice to cool running water from 80˚F to 42˚F. Based on the inside coil area, Ui=110 Btu/hr·ft 2·˚F. Find the logarithmic mean temperature difference.
A. 17.42˚F
B. 19.85˚F
C. 22.15˚F
D. 24.24˚F
44. From the data in problem #43, calculate the inside area of the coil in ft2.
A. 1.410
B. 2.664
C. 3.080
D. 4.120
45. From the data in problem #43, calculate the gpm of water cooled.
A. 0.285
B. 0.380
C. 0.431
D. 0.489
43. D. 24.24˚F
44. B. 2.664
45. B. 0.380
67
Water is flowing at a velocity of 1 m/s in a pipe 0.4 m in diameter. In the pipe is an orifice with a hole diameter 0.20 m. What is the measured pressure drop across the orifice?
A. 1.76 psi
B. 2.21 psi
C. 2.83 psi
D. 3.76 psi
C. 2.83 psi
67
Liquid water at 212˚Fand 1 atm has an internal energy (on an arbitrary basis) of 180.2 BTU/lb. what is its enthalpy? The scientific volume of liquid water at these conditions is 0.01672 ft3/lb.
A. 120 BTU/lb
B. 140 BTU/lb
C. 160 BTU/lb
D. 180 BTU/lb
D. 180 BTU/lb
67
A flat sign board is circular and 20 ft in diameter. Weight of air is 0.0807lb/ft^3 there is a drag coefficient of 1.12 for a wind force normal to the sign surface. For a wind velocity of 40 mph, the normal force on the sign will be:
A. 1,480 lbs
B. 1.520 lbs
C. 1,600 lbs
D. 1,720 lbs
B. 1.520 lbs
67
The turbines in a hydroelectric plant are fed by water falling from a height of 100 ft. Assuming 95% efficiency in converting the potential to electrical energy, and 10% loss of resulting power in transmission, how many tons of water per hour are needed to keep a 100 W light bulb burning?
A. 1.10 tons
B. 1.32 tons
C. 1.55 tons
D. 1.75 tons
C. 1.55 tons
68
A fluid has a velocity of 100 ft/s when entering a piece of apparatus. With what velocity must the fluid leave the apparatus so that the difference in entering and leaving kinetic energies is equivalent to 1 BTU/lb of the fluid?
A. 185 ft/s
B. 210 ft/s
C. 245 ft/s
D. 254 ft/s
C. 245 ft/s
69
What is the enthalpy of saturated steam at 30 psia?
A. 218.93 BTU/lb
B. 1164.1 BTU/lb
C. 1087.9 BTU/lb
D. 231.8 BTU/lb
B. 1164.1 BTU/lb
70
What is the enthalpy of saturated liquid water at 48.675 kPag?
A. 467.13 kJ/kg
B. 2693.4 kJ/kg
C. 338.7 kJ/kg
D. 2482.5 kJ/kg
A. 467.13 kJ/kg
70
What is the enthalpy of saturated steam at 26.325 kPa vacuum pressure?
A. 384. 45 kJ/kg
B. 384.45 BTU/lb
C. 2663 kJ/kg
D. 2663 BTU/lb
C. 2663 kJ/kg
70
What is the enthalpy of superheated steam at 200 kPa and 200˚C?
A. 2870. 5 kJ/kg
B. 2540.2 kJ/kg
C. 2310.1 kJ/kg
D. 2215.4 kJ/kg
A. 2870. 5 kJ/kg
70
What is the enthalpy of superheated steam at 20 psia and 400˚F?
A. 1239.2 kJ/kg
B. 430 BTU/lb
C. 2876 kJ/kg
D. 540 kJ/kg
C. 2876 kJ/kg
71
The inside dimeter of a 2-inch schedule 40 steel pipe is
A. 2.245 in
B. 2.000 in
C. 2.067 in
D. 1.939 in
C. 2.067 in
72
The outside diameter of a 1/2-inch schedule 10 steel pipe is
A. 0.840 in
B. 0.5 in
C. 1.050 in
D. 0.546 in
A. 0.840 in
73
A 2.2 kW refrigerator or heat pump operates between -17˚C and 38˚C. The maximum theoretical heat that can be transferred from the cold reservoir is nearest to
A. 7.6 kW
B. 4.7 kW
C. 15.6 kW
D. 10.2 kW
D. 10.2 kW
73
The ideal Otto cycle consists of which of the following processes?
A. Two constant-volume and two isentropic process
B. Two constant-pressure and two isentropic process
C. Two constant-volume and two isothermal process
D. Two constant-pressure and two isothermal process
A. Two constant-volume and two isentropic process
73
A het engine absorbs 1055 kJ at 427˚C and rejects heat at 38˚C. The work done in kJ by the engine if its efficiency is 50% of the Carnot
efficiency is closest to
A. 496.6
B. 293.3
C. 1265
D. 320
B. 293.3
73
Which of the following is the hardest?
A. talc
B. apatite
C. topaz
D. quartz
C. topaz
74
Is a major expense in crushing and grinding a feed material.
A. cost of labor
B. cost of material
C. cost of equipment
D. cost of power
D. cost of power
75
An ore of lead.
A. silica
B. spinel
C. galena
D. cementite
C. galena
76
The residue remaining after sugarcane has been crushed by pressure rolls.
A. charcoal
B. bagasse
C. foundry coke
D. pitch coke
B. bagasse
77
Priming needed in a
A. reciprocating pump
B. centrifugal pump
C. diaphragm pump
D. gear pump
B. centrifugal pump
77
How long could a 2000 hp motor be operated on the heat energy liberated by 1 ml^3 of ocean water when the temperature of the water is lowered by 1˚C and if all these heat were converted to mechanical energy?
A. 371.56 yrs
B. 245.65 yrs
C. 210.92 yrs
D. 177.42 yrs
A. 371.56 yrs
77
At STP the density of chlorine is 3.22 kg/cubic meter. What weight of this gas is contained in a flask of 100 cubic centimeters at 24˚C and 100 kPa?
A. 0.563 g
B. 0.292 g
C. 0.420 g
D. 0.321 g
B. 0.292 g
77
An industrial process for the production of sulfuric acid that is based on the oxidation of sulfur to sulfur trioxide on a vanadium oxide catalyst, followed by reaction with water in fuming sulfuric acid.
A. Bayer process
B. Lead chamber process
C. Leblanc process
D. contact process
D. contact process
78
A 0.7 m3 tank contains 4.5 kg of an ideal gas. The gas has a molecular weight of 44 and is at 21˚C. What is the pressure of the gas?
A. 289.6 kPa
B. 310.8 kPa
C. 326.7 kPa
D. 357.2 kPa
D. 357.2 kPa
79
Calculate the equivalent diameter of a rectangular conduit 0.6 meters wide and 0.3 meters high.
A. 0.4 m
B. 0.45 m
C. 0.50 m
D. 0.55 m
A. 0.4 m
80
Calculate the hydraulic radius for a square with sides of length 10 mm.
A. 2.0 mm
B. 2.5 mm
C. 3.0 mm
D. 3.5 mm
B. 2.5 mm
80
A pump is driven by an electric motor moves 25 gal/min of water from reservoir A to reservoir B, lifting the water to a total head of 245 ft. The efficiency of the pump and the motor are 64% and 84% respectively. What size of motor in Hp is required?
A. 3 Hp
B. 5 Hp
C. 2 Hp
D. 7 Hp
A. 3 Hp
80
For numbers 73 to 75…
A fuel containing methane and ethane is burned in excess air. The analysis of the dry stack gas is given as follows: 4.62% CO2, 3.08% CO, 8.91% O2 and 83.39% N2 by mole. Determine the following:
73. The percentage excess air
A.33.61%
B. 49.81%
C. 67.21%
D. 74.72%
74. The mole percentage of methane in the fuel.
A. 18.57%
B. 20.36%
C. 40.71%
D. 81.43%
75. If the fuel is composed mainly of a saturated hydrocarbon, what is the ratio of the carbon to hydrogen in the fuel?
A. 0.271
B. 0.346
C. 0.587
D. 0.603
73. B. 49.81%
74. A. 18.57%
75. A. 0.271
81
A furnace completely burns coal containing 70% C. Analysis of the flue gas shows 15% CO2, 4% O2 81% N2 and no CO. What is the % of the net hydrogen in the coal?
A. 6.126%
B. 1.53%
C. 2.38%
D. 3.94%
D. 3.94%
82
A steel casting (Cp=0.5 kJ/kg·K) weighing 40 kg and at a temperature of 450˚C is quenched in 150 kg of oil (Cp=2.5 kJ/kg·K) at 25˚C. If there are no heat losses, what is the change in entropy of the casting?
A. 26.13 kJ/K
B. -16.33 kJ/K
C. 9.80 kJ/K
D. 0
B. -16.33 kJ/K
83
Ninety kilograms of ice at 0˚C are completely melted. Find the entropy change, in kJ/K if T2=0˚C.
A. 0
B. 45
C. 85
D. 110
D. 110
83
A 10-L insulated container is divided into two parts by a thin membrane. One part contains an ideal gas at 1 atm and 25˚C and the other part is vacuum. Calculate the entropy change of the gas after the thin membrane burst.
A. 1.26 J/K
B. 1.86 J/K
C. 2.21 J/K
D. 2.35 J/K
A. 1.26 J/K
83
A newly designed refrigerator has a capacity of 3140 watts and an input rating of 735 watts. The coefficient of performance of the
refrigerator is
A. 5.67
B. 4.27
C. 3.26
D. 4.44
B. 4.27
84
A pure saturated hydrocarbon is burned with excess air. Orsat analysis of the products of combustion shows 9.08% CO2, 1.63% CO, 5.28 O2 and no free H2. Calculate the percent excess air supplied.
A. 20%
B. 25%
C. 30%
D. 35%
B. 25%
85
A 30 MW geothermal electric power plant uses hot steam from the earth at 157 deg C to heat and vaporize isobutane; which turns a turbine that is connected to a generator. The isobutane is subsequently cooled to 27˚C using fans and condensed back to a liquid. The overall efficiency of the plant is 40% of the ideal (Carnot) efficiency. How many joules of heat must be released to the atmosphere per second?
A. 2.5E8
B. 2.2E8
C. 3E7
D. 5.2E8
B. 2.2E8
86
A 100-kg batch of clay contains 20% water. It was dried to a water content of 5%. How much water is removed?
A. 15.8 lbs
B. 27.2 lbs
C. 15.8 lbs
D. 27.2 lbs
C. 15.8 lbs
87
A log of mass 40 kg is dropped into a river at 0˚C. if the relative density of the log is 0.80, what will be the volume of the log above the surface?
A. 0.02 cu. m.
B. 0.040 cu. m.
C. 0.08 cu. m.
D. 0.01 cu. m
D. 0.01 cu. m
87
Water flows through an 8-in (ID=7.981 in) steel pipe at an average velocity of 8 ft/s. Downstream the pipe splits into an 8-in main and a 2-in (ID=2.067 in) bypass pipes. If the velocity in the bypass is twice the velocity of the main pipe, the volumetric flow rate (ft^3/s) in the main pipe is
A. 10.58
B. 5.29
C. 1.84
D. 0.25
C. 1.84
87
The friction factor for flow through a pipe with relative roughness of 0.004 at a Reynold’s No. of 80,000 is approximately equal to
A. 0.052
B. 0.025
C. 0.03
D. 0.038
C. 0.03
87
Air at 250°C (viscosity=0.018 cP) enters a section of 2-in schedule 40 commercial steel pipe at a gauge pressure of 310 kPa and a flow rate of 1200kg/h. assuming isothermal flow, what is the pressure drop (kPa) in 60 m of pipe?
A. 350
B. 155
C. 101.3
D. 61
D. 61
