Osteoarthritis Flashcards
Biomechanical factors that contribute to osteoarthritis? (8)
Abnormal anatomy - Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip (DDH) Intra-articular fracture Ligament rupture Meniscal tear Occupation - farmer, footballer Persistent heavy physical activity Obesity Elite running
3 features of inflammation
Synovial hypertrophy
Subchondral changes
Joint effusion
List 3 factors that will lead to instability/malalignment of a joint
Muscle weakness
Ligament injury
Abnormal anatomy
Which 2 factors will lead to an increased load on a joint?
Obesity
Instability/Malalignment
Which event occurs due to an increased load on a joint
and can result the pathogenesis of synovitis and an osteoarthritic joint?
Joint microtrauma
3 criteria to diagnose osteoarthritis?
Age 45 and over
Activity related pain
No morning joint-related stiffness / Stiffness lasting no longer than 30 minutes
Factors that will exclude the diagnosis of osteoarthritis
Prolonged Morning stiffness
Trauma
Rapid deterioration of symptoms
Hot swollen joint
Differentials of joint pain
Osteoarthritis Gout Other inflammatory arthritides Septic arthritis Malignancy
Investigation for osteoarthritis
X-ray to confirm clinical diagnosis
Five approaches to management of osteoarthritis
Holistic Core treatments Non-pharmalogical Pharmacological Surgical referral
Holistic treatment of osteoarthritis
Reflect on social impact Occupation Health beliefs - knowledge of OA Mood Support network Other MSK pain Attitude to exercise Influence of comorbidity Pain assessment
Core treatments for osteoarthritis
Information
Weight loss
Exercise
Non-pharmacological treatment of OA
Thermotherapy
Electrotherapy
Aids and devices
Manual therapy
Pharmacological Treatment for OA
Oral analgesics- paracetamol, NSAIDs
Topical treatments - NSAIDs, capsaicin
Intra-articular injections - steroids (hyaluronic acid)
Surgery for OA
Joint Replacement
