Conditions of the Hip Flashcards
Name the three bones that are fused to form the hip
Ileum
Ischium
Pubis
The three bones of the hip are fused by which 2 structures
Sacrum
Pubic symphysis
Which muscles attach to the greater trochanter of the femur?
Abductors
Rotators
What muscle attaches to the lesser trochanter of the femur?
Psoas
Blood supply to the hip joint
Medial and Lateral circumflex - branches of profunda femoris
Artery of ligamentum teres
Blood supply enters through capsule
Difference between effect on blood supply in intracapsular and extracapsular fracture of femur
Intracapsular- fracture of neck - blood supply disrupted
Extracapsular - blood supply maintained
2 changes in osteoarthritis
Progressive loss of articular cartilage
Secondary bone changes
What is osteoarthritis?
Degenerative change in synovial joints
Symptoms of osteoarthritis
Worsening pain
Stiffness
Causes of trochanteric bursitis
Trauma Over-use; athletes, runners, repetitive movement Abnormal movements - Distant -Local
Which ‘distant’ problem can cause abnormal movement in the hip joint leading to trochanteric bursitis?
Scoliosis
Which local problems to the hip can cause abnormal movement that can lead to trochanteric bursitis?
Muscle wasting following surgery
Total hip replacement
Osteoarthritis
Presentation of trochanteric bursitis
Point to tenderness
Tenderness in lateral hip
Examination findings in trochanteric bursitis
Scars from previous surgery?
Muscle wasting (glutes)
Tenderness at greater tuberosity
Worst pain at active abduction
Investigations for trochanteric bursitis
X ray
MRI
Ultrasound
Treatment for trochanteric bursitis
NSAIDs Rest Activity modification Physio - posture, movements, strengthening and stretching Injection - glucocorticosteroids Surgery - bursectomy
What happens in avascular necrosis?
Loss of blood supply –> death of bone
What age is avascular necrosis more likely to be diagnosed>
35-50