B.6 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 ways white blood cells defend against pathogens

A

They ingest and destroy the pathogen
They produce antibodies
They produce toxins that counteract the bacterias own toxins (not harming the actual bacteria)

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2
Q

What do Lymphocytes do

A

They produce antibodies that harm the bacteria

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3
Q

What do phycocytes do

A

Ingest and destroy the pathogens

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4
Q

What do painkiller do

A

Painkillers relive symptoms of disease but do nothing to harm the actual pathogen

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5
Q

What do antibiotics do

A

Antibiotics kill bacteria while its still inside your body without harming your bodies cells. They do not help against viruses

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6
Q

What do antiseptics do

A

They kill bacteria within an environment, not inside your body like antibiotics

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7
Q

Why is it harder to develop medicine against viruses

A

They are much smaller than bacteria and because they live inside your cells its hard to develop a drug that kills the virus without damaging your cells

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8
Q

Where do most drugs originate from

A

Plants have lots of antibiotic chemicals that protect them from bacteria and most medicines are derived from plants.

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9
Q

What are the 3 factors in drugs are tested in

A

Efficacy: how effective the drug is at killing the bacteria
Dosage:how much of the drug can be taken safely before side effects start to occur
Toxicity:does the drug harm people e.g. kill human cells

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10
Q

How to vaccines work

A

Dead, inactive or parts of pathogens are injected into your body. These cant harm you but do trigger an response from your immune system. The unique data for the pathogen is then stored so the next time the pathogen comes around, your immune system can immediately deal with it, making you immune

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11
Q

What are monoclonal antibodies

A

Scientists combine lymphocyte cells that produce antibodies but cant reproduce with tumour cells that divide rapidly to create a hybrodima cell that can rapidly divide and make copies of itself all of which can produce antibodies. These antibodies are called monoclonal antibodies and are then harvested for use.

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