B.9 Flashcards
What is the equation for aerobic respiration
Oxygen + glucose–> carbon dioxide + water
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration
Glucose –> lactic acid + carbon dioxide + water
What is the energy produced by respiration used for
Making larger molecules out of smaller molecules
Building up nitrates from sugars (plants only)
Allowing your muscles to contract
Keeping your body at a constant temperature by sweating to release energy and burning it to warm up
What happens when you exercise
Your heartrate increases to pump more blood carrying glucose and oxygen to your muscles allowing them to respire which releases energy which is then used in muscle contraction
What effects does anaerobic resperation have on your body
Lactic acid is produced which causes:
Cramps
Fatigue
What is oxygen debt
When you respire anaerobically lactic acid is produced because the demand for oxygen is not being met. This results in an oxygen debt being built up which is the amount of oxygen needed to break down all the lactic acid and it is the equivalent to the amount of oxygen you would have used if your respired aerobically
What is the equation for anaerobic respiration in plants and yeast cells
Glucose –> ethanol and carbon dioxide
What is anaerobic respiration in yeast cells called
Fermentation
It is economically important because its how alcoholic drinks are manufactures
How is lactic acid converted back into glucose
Blood flowing through the muscles transports the lactic acid to the liver where oxygen supplied by paying off the oxygen debt breaks down the acid into glucose
What us metabolism
A sum of all the reactions in the body or a cell
What reactions does metabolism include
- conversion of glucose to starch, glycogen and cellulose
- the formation of lipid molecules from a molecule of glycerol and three molecules of fatty acids
- the use of glucose and nitrate ions to form amino acids which in turn are used to synthesise proteins
- respiration
- breakdown of excess proteins to form urea for excretion.
