Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Medical Terminology > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

bronch/o, bronchi/o

A

Bronchial tube, bronchus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

laryng/o

A

larynx, throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

pharyng/o

A

pharynx, throat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

phon/o

A

sound, voice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

pleur/o

A

Pleura, side of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

-pnea

A

breathing

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

somn/o

A

sleep

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

spir/o

A

breathe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

alveoli

A

The very small grapelike clusters found at the end of each bronchiole.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

anoxia

A

The absence of oxygen from the body’s tissues and organs even though there is an adequate flow of blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

antitussive

A

Medication administered to prevent or relieve coughing.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

aphonia

A

Loss of the ability of the larynx to produce normal speech sounds.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

asbestosis

A

The form of pneumoconiosis caused by asbestos particles in the lungs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

asphyxia

A

The loss of consciousness that occurs when the body cannot get the oxygen it needs to function.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

atelectasis

A

The incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

bronchodilator

A

A medication that relaxes and expands the bronchial passages into the lungs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

bronchorrhea

A

An excessive discharge of mucus from the bronchi.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Cheyne–Stokes respiration

A

An irregular pattern of breathing characterized by alternating rapid or shallow respiration followed by slower respiration or apnea.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

diphtheria

A

An acute bacterial infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

dysphonia

A

Difficulty in speaking, which may include any impairment in vocal quality, including hoarseness, weakness, or the cracking of a boy’s voice during puberty.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing; also known as shortness of breath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

emphysema

A

The progressive, long-term loss of lung function, usually due to smoking.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

empyema

A

An accumulation of pus in a body cavity.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

endotracheal intubation

A

The passage of a tube through the mouth into the trachea to establish or maintain an open airway.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

epistaxis

A

Bleeding from the nose that may be caused by dry air, an injury, medication to prevent blood clotting, or high blood pressure; also known as a nosebleed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

hemoptysis

A

The expectoration of blood or bloodstained sputum derived from the lungs or bronchial tubes as the result of pulmonary or bronchial hemorrhage.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

hypercapnia

A

The abnormal buildup of carbon dioxide in the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

hypoxemia

A

The condition of having low oxygen levels in the blood.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

pertussis

A

A contagious bacterial infection of the upper respiratory tract that is characterized by recurrent bouts of a paroxysmal cough, followed by breathlessness and a noisy inspiration.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

pleurisy

A

An inflammation of the pleura, the membranes that cover the lungs and line the pleural cavity; causes pleurodynia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

pleurodynia

A

A sharp pain that occurs when the inflamed membranes rub against each other with each inhalation.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

pneumoconiosis

A

Any fibrosis of the lung tissues caused by dust in the lungs after prolonged environmental or occupational contact.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

pneumothorax

A

The accumulation of air in the pleural space, causing a pressure imbalance that causes the lung to fully or partially collapse.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

polysomnography

A

The diagnostic measurement of physiological activity during sleep; also known as a sleep study.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

pyothorax

A

A collection of pus in the pleural cavity between the layers of the pleural membrane.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

spirometer

A

A recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled and the length of time required for each breath.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

thoracotomy

A

A surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment.

38
Q

tracheostomy

A

The surgical creation of a stoma into the trachea in order to insert a temporary or permanent tube to facilitate breathing.

39
Q

tracheotomy

A

An emergency procedure in which an incision is made into the trachea to gain access to the airway below a blockage.

40
Q

tuberculosis

A

An infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that usually attacks the lungs; also known as TB, it can also affect other parts of the body.

41
Q

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

A

a group of lung diseases in which the bronchial airflow is obstructed, making it difficult to breathe out. COPD, which is most often caused by long-term smoking, is generally permanent and progressive. Most people with COPD suffer from two related conditions: chronic bronchitis and emphysema.

42
Q

Chronic bronchitis

A

a disease in which the airways have become inflamed due to recurrent exposure to an inhaled irritant, usually cigarette smoke

43
Q

bronchospasm

A

a contraction of the smooth muscle in the walls of the bronchi and bronchioles, tightening and squeezing the airway shut

44
Q

Upper respiratory infections (URI)

A

acute nasopharyngitis are among the terms used to describe the common cold. An upper respiratory infection can be caused by any one of 200 different viruses, the most common of which is the human rhinovirus

45
Q

Tracheorrhagia

A

bleeding from the mucous membranes of the trachea

46
Q

Bronchiectasis

A

the permanent dilation of the bronchi, caused by chronic infection and inflammation

47
Q

Pleural effusion

A

the excess accumulation of fluid in the pleural space

48
Q

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)

A

a lung condition usually caused by trauma, pneumonia, smoke or fumes, inhaled vomit, or sepsis.

49
Q

Atelectasis

A

collapsed lung, is the incomplete expansion of part or all of a lung due to a blockage of the air passages or pneumothorax

50
Q

Pulmonary edema

A

Pulmonary edema (eh-DEE-mah) is an accumulation of fluid in lung tissues, especially the alveoli.

51
Q

Pulmonary embolism

A

the sudden blockage of a pulmonary artery by foreign matter or by an embolus that has formed in the leg or pelvic region

52
Q

Bronchopneumonia

A

a localized form of pneumonia that often affects the bronchioles

53
Q

Lobar pneumonia

A

affects larger areas of the lungs, often including one or more sections, or lobes, of a lung. Double pneumonia is lobar pneumonia involving both lungs and is usually a form of bacterial pneumonia.

54
Q

Aspiration pneumonia

A

occur when a foreign substance, such as vomit, is inhaled into the lungs. As used here, aspiration means inhaling or drawing a foreign substance into the upper respiratory tract.

55
Q

Bacterial pneumonia

A

is most commonly caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. Pneumococcal pneumonia is the only form of pneumonia that can be prevented through vaccination.

56
Q

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)

A

any pneumonia that results from contagious infection outside of a hospital or clinic. CAP may be bacterial pneumonia or be caused by a virus or fungi. This is the most common form of pneumonia, and it can affect people of all ages

57
Q

walking pneumonia

A

also known as mycoplasma pneumonia, is a milder but longer-lasting form of the disease caused by the bacteria Mycoplasma pneumoniae. It gets its name from the fact that the patient is often not bedridden.

58
Q

Pneumocystis pneumonia

A

an opportunistic infection caused by the yeast-like fungus Pneumocystis carinii.

59
Q

Viral pneumonia

A

can be caused by several different types of viruses, accounts for approximately a third of all pneumonias.

60
Q

Interstitial lung disease

A

refers to a group of almost 200 disorders that cause inflammation and scarring of the alveoli and their supporting structures

61
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis

A

the progressive formation of scar tissue in the lung, resulting in decreased lung capacity and increased difficulty in breathing

62
Q

Silicosis

A

caused by inhaling silica dust in the lungs and usually occurs after working in occupations including foundry work, quarrying, ceramics, glasswork, and sandblasting

63
Q

Cystic fibrosis

A

a life-threatening genetic disorder in which the lungs and pancreas are clogged with large quantities of abnormally thick mucus

64
Q

Hyperpnea

A

commonly associated with exertion, is breathing that is deeper and more rapid than is normal at rest

65
Q

Hypopnea

A

shallow or slow respiration

66
Q

Hyperventilation

A

abnormally rapid rate of deep respiration that is usually associated with anxiety

67
Q

Expectoration

A

the act of coughing up and spitting out saliva, mucus, or other body fluid

68
Q

Respiratory failure (RF)

A

a condition in which the level of oxygen in the blood becomes dangerously low (hypoxemia) or the level of carbon dioxide becomes dangerously high (hypercapnia).

69
Q

Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS)

A

the sudden and unexplainable death of an apparently healthy sleeping infant between the ages of 2 months and 6 months

70
Q

Bronchoscopy

A

the visual examination of the bronchi using a bronchoscope

71
Q

chest x-ray (CXR)

A

also known as chest imaging, is a valuable tool for diagnosing pneumonia, lung cancer, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, tuberculosis, and emphysema

72
Q

Laryngoscopy

A

is the visual examination of the larynx and vocal cords using a flexible or rigid laryngoscope inserted through the mouth

73
Q

peak flow meter

A

an inexpensive handheld device used to let patients with asthma measure air flowing out of the lungs, revealing any narrowing of the airways in advance of an asthma attack

74
Q

Pulmonary function tests (PFTs)

A

are a group of tests that measure volume and flow of air by using a spirometer. These tests are measured against a norm for the individual’s age, height, and sex

75
Q

spirometer

A

a recording device that measures the amount of air inhaled or exhaled (volume) and the length of time required for each breath

76
Q

Sputum

A

phlegm ejected through the mouth that can be examined for diagnostic purposes.

77
Q

Tuberculin skin testing

A

known as Mantoux PPD skin test, is a screening test for tuberculosis in which a very small amount of PPD tuberculin (a purified protein derivative) is injected just under the top layer of the skin on the forearm. The site is checked for a reaction 48 to 72 hours later.

78
Q

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

A

administers a specific amount of a medication such as a bronchodilator in aerosol form.

79
Q

Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS)

A

a procedure performed using an endoscope in which chronic sinusitis is treated by enlarging the opening between the nose and sinus.

80
Q

Septoplasty

A

the surgical repair or alteration of parts of the nasal septum

81
Q

lobectomy

A

the surgical removal of a lobe of an organ, usually the lung, brain, or liver

82
Q

Wedge resection

A

a surgery in which a small wedge-shaped piece of cancerous lung tissue is removed, along with a margin of healthy tissue around the cancer

83
Q

thoracotomy

A

a surgical incision into the chest walls to open the pleural cavity for biopsy or treatment

84
Q

Video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS)

A

the use of a thoracoscope to view the inside of the pleural cavity through very small incisions.

85
Q

Diaphragmatic breathing

A

also known as abdominal breathing, is a relaxation technique used to relieve anxiety.

86
Q

CPAP machine (continuous positive airway pressure)

A

a noninvasive ventilation device used in the treatment of sleep apnea. A face mask is connected to a pump that creates constant air pressure in the nasal passages, holding the airway open. Although this does not cure sleep apnea, it does reduce snoring and prevents dangerous apnea disturbances

87
Q

BiPAP machine

A

like a CPAP machine; however, it can be set at a higher pressure for inhaling and a lower pressure for exhaling. It is used for sleep apnea in patients with neuromuscular diseases or those who find the CPAP machine uncomfortable

88
Q

Ambu® bag,

A

bag valve mask (BVM), is an emergency resuscitator used to assist ventilation

89
Q

ventilator

A

a mechanical device for artificial respiration that is used to replace or supplement the patient’s natural breathing function

90
Q

Supplemental oxygen

A

administered when the patient is unable to maintain an adequate oxygen saturation level in the blood from breathing normal air.

91
Q

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy

A

involves breathing pure oxygen in a special chamber that allows air pressure to be raised up to three times higher than normal.

Medical Terminology (15 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions