Bone structure & development

Question 1

5 Types of bones

Answer 1

1. Flat bone
2. Irregular bone
3. Short bone
4. Long bone
5. Sesamoid bone

Question 2

2 ways of prenatal bone formation

Answer 2

1. Intramembranous ossification - directly from mesenchymal cells
2. Endochondral ossification - hyaline cartilage

Question 3

Functions of cortical bone and trabecular bone

Answer 3

Cortical bone: resist compressive force

Trabecular bone: support shifts in weight contribution

Question 4

Zones of cells in epiphyseal plate

Answer 4

1. Reserve zone
2. Proliferative zone
3. Hypertrophy zone (maturation)
4. Calcified zone - dead chondrocytes
5. Ossification zone - osteoblasts invasion, formation of bone

Question 5

Zones of bone resorption

Answer 5

1. Sealing zone
2. Ruffled Border - demineralize and degrade bone matrix
3. Basolateral domain
4. Functional secretory domain - release bone degradation products