9- Importance and examples of fungal disease

Question 1

T/F dermatophytes can be cultured from normal animals

Answer 1

True- are pathogens but occasionally cultured from normal animals

Question 2

Define Geophilic fungi

Answer 2

found in soil/environment; only occasionally infect animals/man

Question 3

Define Zoophilic fungi

Answer 3

found on animals; occasionally transmitted to man

Question 4

Define Anthropophilic fungi

Answer 4

found on man; occasionally transmitted to animals

Question 5

List the 3 mechanisms by which fungi produce disease

Answer 5

Tissue invasion (mycosis) - most common
Toxin production (mycotoxicosis)
Induction of hypersensitivity

Question 6

T/F fungi are eukaryotic microorganisms

Answer 6

True

Question 7

Name the 2 forms of fungi

Answer 7

Yeast (unicellular)
Mould (multicellular-filamentous hyphae)

Question 8

Define saprophytic

Answer 8

Obtaining food by absorbing dissolved organic matter (dead matter)

Question 9

Name a fungi which is seen in normally on a animal

Answer 9

Malassezia- yeasts

Question 10

Superficial mycoses affect what structures

Answer 10

epidermis, other keratinised structures, mucous membranes

Question 11

T/F Dermatophytes cause superficial mycosis

Answer 11

True

Question 12

Systemic mycoses affect what structures

Answer 12

respiratory, digestive, other organ systems

Question 13

What is dermatomycosis? and how is it different to dermatophytosis?

Answer 13

Disease caused by non-dermatophytic fungi (malasezia/candida)
- Non contagious

Dermatophytoiss is caused by dermatophytes - microsporum
- Contagious

Question 14

Which species are generally affected by dermatophytosis

Answer 14

cat cattle, horse

Question 15

What is a subcutaneous (deep) mycosis

Answer 15

localised invasion of dermis/ subcutis
often follows foreign body penetration–> introduces environmental saprophyte

Question 16

If lesion caused by pigmented fungus what is it called

Answer 16

chromomycosis

Question 17

If lesion caused by non-pigmented fungi what is it called

Answer 17

hyalohyphomycosis

Question 18

Define mycetoma

Answer 18

organism is present in granules/grains within lesion, associated with swelling and draining sinus

Question 19

A systemic mycosis is often caused by what transmission route

Answer 19

Inhaled an then spreads to internal organs

Question 20

Name a fungal species which is involved in toxin production

Answer 20

Aspergillus, Penicillum, Fusarium

Question 21

which species generally cause dermatophytosis

Answer 21

microsporum spp
trichophyton spp