9. Personality Disorders

Question 1

2 Key features of personality

Answer 1

1. Traits unique to an individual

2. Stable over time

Question 2

DF: Personalities that deviate from the expactations of the individual’s culture, is pervasive and inflexible, and leads to distress or impairment

Answer 2

Personality disorders

Question 3

4 Key features of PDs

Answer 3

1. Inflexible and rigid
2. Maladaptive
3. Causes functional impairment
4. Causes significant distress

Question 4

________ model of Personality: Disordered traits are an extreme form of “normal” traits. It depends on the degree of the trait.

Answer 4

Dimensional

Question 5

_______ model of Personality: Personality disorders are qualitatively different from “normal” behaviours. You either have it or you don’t.

Answer 5

Categorical

Question 6

Personality disorders affect 0.5-2.5% of the general population

Answer 6

Personality disorders affect 0.5-2.5% of the general population

Question 7

PD Cluster __: Odd or eccentric disorders

Answer 7

A

Question 8

PD Cluster __: Dramatic, emotional or erratic disorders

Answer 8

B

Question 9

PD Cluster __: Anxious or fearful disorders

Answer 9

C

Question 10

PD Cluster __: Antisocial, borderline, histrionic, narcisstic

Answer 10

B

Question 11

PD Cluster __: Avoidant, dependant, obsessive-compulsive

Answer 11

C

Question 12

PD Cluster __: Paranoid, schizoid, schizotypal

Answer 12

A

Question 13

\_\_\_\_\_\_ PD; Cluster \_\_\_:
0.5-4.4% prevalence
Excessively suspicious of others
Interprets benign events as threatening
Hostile and antagonistic

Answer 13

Paranoid; A

Question 14

\_\_\_\_\_\_ PD; Cluster \_\_\_:
1-4.9%
Detachment from and disinterest in social attachments
Limited emotional expression
Under high levels of stress

Answer 14

Schizoid; A

Question 15

\_\_\_\_\_\_ PD; Cluster \_\_\_:
1-5.%
Social deficits and discomfort
Unusual beliefs and behaviour
Ideas of reference that do not reach the level of psychosis

Answer 15

Schizotypal; A

Question 16

\_\_\_\_\_\_ PD; Cluster \_\_\_:
1.2%
Excessive but shallow emotionality
Dramatic presentation
Attention seeking behaviour

Answer 16

Histrionic; B

Question 17

\_\_\_\_\_\_ PD; Cluster \_\_\_:
1-6.2%
Grandiosity and need to be admired by others
Tendency to exploit others
Sense of entitlement
Sensitive to criticism

Answer 17

Narcissistic; B

Question 18

\_\_\_\_\_\_ PD; Cluster \_\_\_:
0-3%
Lack of concern for others
Failure to comply with social norms
Deceitfulness and lack of remorse

Answer 18

Antisocial; B

Question 19

\_\_\_\_\_\_ PD; Cluster \_\_\_:
1-6%
Unstable and intense relationships, alternating between idealisation and devaluation
Unstable affect
Impulsivity and risky behaviours

Answer 19

Borderline; B

Question 20

\_\_\_\_\_\_ PD; Cluster \_\_\_:
1-5%
Avoidance of relationships and activities
Fear of criticism and rejection
Sensitive to others opinions

Answer 20

Avoidant; C

Question 21

\_\_\_\_\_\_ PD; Cluster \_\_\_:
0-2%
Pervasive need to be taken care of
Submissive and clingy behaviour
Overly passive

Answer 21

Dependent; C

Question 22

______ PD; Cluster ___:
2-8%
Preoccupation with orderliness, organisation and rules
Work-focused and neglectful of leisure/social activities
Rigidly moralistic

Answer 22

Obsessive-compulsive, C

Question 23

_________ Hypothesis for antisocial PD: psychopaths have reduced levels of cortical arousal so they seek environmental stimulation

Answer 23

Underarousal

Question 24

________ Hypothesis for antisocial PD: psychopaths have higher fear thresholds

Answer 24

Fearlessness