9 Week Exam Study Guide

Question 1

The English: The English came to North America to find a route to ______, and then settled there for _________, and ______________ freedom.

Answer 1

Asia, wealth, religious

Question 2

Reasons for settlement of individual colonies: Massachusetts: __________ and _________ for religious freedom.

Answer 2

Pilgrims, Puritans

Question 3

Why did Connecticut and Rhode Island settle?

Answer 3

They were dissenters from puritans looking for religious freedom.

Question 4

What was New York’s reason for settlement?

Answer 4

English took the land from the Dutch to gain wealth.

Question 5

New Jersey’s reason for settlement:

Answer 5

Wealth

Question 6

Reason for settlement: Pennsylvania

Answer 6

For Profit, Religious freedom, and political freedom for Quakers

Question 7

Reason for settlement: Virginia

Answer 7

To gain wealth

Question 8

Maryland- reason for settlement

Answer 8

Religious and political freedom for Catholics

Question 9

Georgia - reason for settlement

Answer 9

A defensive buffer against Spanish Florida, wealth, and a second chance for debtors

Question 10

Why did the French come to North America?

Answer 10

To find the Northwest passage to Asia but ended up settling to trade for furs with the indigenous people.

Question 11

Why did the Spanish come to North America?

Answer 11

To find gold and teach Christianity to the indigenous peoplez

Question 12

Where did the Dutch settle and what was it established for?

Answer 12

They settled in Hudson River valley, now New York. The called it New Netherlands and the capitol was New Amsterdam. They established a trade center but it was taken over by the English and re named New York

Question 13

What was the climate, geography, and economic activities of the New England Colonies?

Answer 13

• Atlantic Coast
• Mountains with large areas of pine and hardwood forests
• soil thin and rocky so they did subsistence farming
• winters cold, long while summers warm, short
• colonies founded for religious freedom; dissenters started new colonies
• major industries: fishing, trading, building ships from trees
• Lived in cities or towns
  -New Hampshire, Connecticut, and Rhode Island started by dissenters from the puritans

.

Question 14

What are the characteristics of the Middle colonies?

Answer 14

• between NE and Southern Colonies
• fertile soil good for wheat and corn
• climate was milder than New England with longer growing seasons
• lived in cities or towns
• Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and New York City became the largest cities and busiest ports in US

Question 15

What are the Characteristics of the Southern Colonies?

Answer 15

• hot and wet climate with long summers and growing seasons
• raised indigo, rice, and tobacco; cash crops were major industry
• lived in rural areas

Question 16

Who was William Penn?

Answer 16

A Quaker who started Pennsylvania

Question 17

Who started Rhode Island?

Answer 17

Anne Hutchinson and Roger Williams dissented from Puritans from Massachusetts

Question 18

What colony did Thomas Hooker start?

Answer 18

Connecticut

Question 19

Who was the leader of the pilgrims?

Answer 19

William Bradford

Question 20

Who was the leader of the puritans?

Answer 20

John Winthrop

Question 21

Who was the leader of JamesTowns and why was it started?

Answer 21

John Smith and was started because they colonists wanted to get wealthy

Question 22

What are three examples of the Colombian Exchange that affected Native Americans?

Answer 22

From Europe came pigs, horses, and new foods like wheat, rise, beef, and bananas that Native Americans began to use

Question 23

How did conquistadors change the goal of Spain in the New World?

Answer 23

After the Reconquista unemployed soldiers were looking for trade routes and gold. They found gold in Mexico and Peru. Others explored all over the Americas for the same thing.

Question 24

What were indentured servants and how did the system work?

Answer 24

The were people who exchanged labor for passage to America. Each person worked in the early colonies for 4-7 years to pay for their passage, many died. They made up to 75% or early Virginia colonists and many could claim their own land at end of their service.

Question 25

What was Bacon’s Rebellion and how did it affect the planters and the Native Americans?

Answer 25

1676, former indentured servants attacked Native Americans for land. Governor failed to stop them before they burnt down the capitol for Jamestown. The rebellion made it difficult to make peace with native Americans, it led to planters turning to slavery for labor.

Question 26

What is the Mayflower compact and why is it important

Answer 26

In 1620 Pilgrims left England and before they landed they wrote the Compact. All 41 male colonists agreed to form one body politic to join themselves in a social compact. It was on of the first documents attempting self government in America

Question 27

What was mercantilism and how did it benefit European countries?

Answer 27

Mercantilism was the practice of making colonies profitable for the home country, practiced by many of the European colonies in the 1600s. They believed having a good balance of trade between their home country and colonies, their nation would create and maintain wealth.

Question 28

What was the triangle trade?

Answer 28

Variety of three way trade routes that brought captives to the New World between the North American colonies, West Indies to Africa and back, trading rum for captives, and then trading for molasses to make the rum.

Question 29

What was the middle passage?

Answer 29

It was a portion of the triangle tradition that brought captives to the New World. It brought about 10 million Africans, and could take as long as three months for the African to arrive, under very harsh conditions

Question 30

What did the Puritans think was a fundamental skill all adults should have, and how did they make sure everyone learned it?

Answer 30

The idea all people should read the Bible led the puritans to require all children, boys and girls, to go to school.

Question 31

What were the roles of each member of a colonial family?

Answer 31

Men: expected to provide financial needs of family and taught children skills they would use to help family. Women: expected to take care of home and family Children: helped parents with the responsibilities of family

Question 32

What was the cause of the French and Indian war

Answer 32

France and Britain controlled large areas of North America. Native Americans lived on both their lands. British settlers were moving into the Ohio River Valley, land claimed by the French. The French and British began building forts for protection. This dispute led to the French and Indian War.

Question 33

What was the course of the French and Indian War?

Answer 33

The French and many Native American tribes fought together against the British and their colonists. At the beginning of the war, the colonies met at Albany, New York where Benjamin Franklin proposed the Plan of Union. He was inspired to create the plant by the Haudenosaunee Confederacy for the colonies to work together, but the plan wasn’t adopted because it was thought to be unnecessary.

Question 34

What were the consequences of the French and Indian War?

Answer 34

Treaty of Paris signed 1763. Britain gained all French lands east of the Mississippi River except New Orleans. When Americans began moving onto these newly acquired lands, conflicts developed between the colonists and indigenous peoples. To pay for the war, Britain taxed the colonists. The British also issued the Proclamation of 1763, prohibiting settlement west of the Appalachian mountains. These actions caused colonists to protest and boycott these laws. Colonists began to develop a sense of independence from Britain.