9 Weeks Test Review

Question 1

Steps of an experiment?

Answer 1

Purpose, research, hypothesis, experimenting, and conclusion.

Question 2

Hypothesis

Answer 2

Educated guess

Question 3

Controlled Experiment

Answer 3

When one variable in an experiment is changed at a time.

Question 4

Why would scientists publish their experiments?

Answer 4

Other scientists can see their work and further test it.

Question 5

Theory

Answer 5

Well-tested hypothesis

Question 6

Biology

Answer 6

Study of life

Question 7

Characteristics of living things?

Answer 7

Made of cells, reproduce, based off universal genetic code, grow and develop, obtain and use materials and energy, respond to their environment, maintain a stable internal environment, and change over time.

Question 8

Homeostasis

Answer 8

Stable internal environment within an organism.

Question 9

Metabolism

Answer 9

Organism builds up and breaks down materials as it carries out it’s life processes.

Question 10

Types of Microscopes

Answer 10

Regular microscope, compound light microscope, TEM, and SEM.

Question 11

Cell Culture

Answer 11

A group of cells that develops from a single original cell.

Question 12

Cell Fractionation

Answer 12

Separation of homogenous sets from a larger population of cells.

Question 13

Inference

Answer 13

Logical interpretation of data.

Question 14

Cell

Answer 14

Basic unit of life.

Question 15

Data

Answer 15

Information gathered from observations.

Question 16

Redi’s Experiment

Answer 16

Trying to prove spontaneous generation. He kept one jar uncovered, while the other jar was covered with gauze. The flies were able to reach the uncovered jar, and spontaneous generation occurred.

Question 17

Spontaneous Generation

Answer 17

The idea that life could arise from nonliving matter.

Question 18

Manipulated Variable

Answer 18

The variable in a controlled experiment that is purposely changed.

Question 19

Responding Variable

Answer 19

Changes in response to the manipulated variable.

Question 20

Why is it important to only test one variable at a time.

Answer 20

If you change more than one variable at a time, you won’t know which variable is effecting the experiment.

Question 21

3 particles that make up atom, location, and charge

Answer 21

Proton- nucleus, positive
Neutron- nucleus, neutral
Electron- orbits nucleus, negative

Question 22

Number of particles in an atom

Answer 22

Atomic Mass Number

Question 23

Isotopes

Answer 23

Different numbers of neutrons.

Question 24

Atom

Answer 24

Basic unit of matter.

Greek word- Atomos

Question 25

Element

Answer 25

Pure substance consisting entirely of one type of atom.

Question 26

1st 10 Elements

Answer 26

Hydrogen, helium, lithium, beryllium, boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, fluorine, and neon.

Question 27

Metric System

Answer 27

System used by all scientists. They use it so it is easier to interpret data. Based on multiples of 10.

Question 28

Goal of science is and is not?

Answer 28

Understand the natural world. Not something that can't be proven.

Question 29

Covalent Bonds

Answer 29

Electrons are shared between atoms.

Question 30

Ionic Bonds

Answer 30

Electrons are transferred between atoms.

Question 31

5 Levels of Organisms in an Ecosystem

Answer 31

Species, population, community, ecosystem, and biome.

Question 32

Biosphere

Answer 32

Portion of the planet in which all life exists.

Question 33

Herbivores

Answer 33

Eat plants

Question 34

Carnivores

Answer 34

Eat meat

Question 35

Omnivores

Answer 35

Eat both plants and meat.

Question 36

Detritivores

Answer 36

Feed off dead matter.

Question 37

Decomposers

Answer 37

Break down dead matter.

Question 38

Main source of energy in ecosystems

Answer 38

sun

Question 39

Autotroph (producer)

Answer 39

makes it's own food

Question 40

Heterotroph (consumer)

Answer 40

obtains energy by eating living things

Question 41

Food Chain

Answer 41

Series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating other organisms or being eaten.

Question 42

Food Web

Answer 42

A network of complex interactions formed by the feeding relationships between various organisms in an ecosystem.

Question 43

Ecological Pyramid

Answer 43

A diagram that shows the relative amounts of energy or matter contained within each trophic level in a food chain or food web.

Question 44

Biomass

Answer 44

Total amount of living tissue within a given trophic level.

Question 45

Trophic Level

Answer 45

Each step in a food chain or food web.

Question 46

Photosynthesis

Answer 46

Process by which plants use sunlight to make food.

Question 47

Chemosynthesis

Answer 47

Organisms use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates.

Question 48

Energy in Trophic Levels

Answer 48

Flows through an ecosystem in one direction, from the sun or inorganic compounds to autotrophs and then to various heterotrophs. 10% energy is passed through the levels.

Question 49

Nitrogen Fixation

Answer 49

Nitrogen gas is converted into ammonia.

Question 50

Denitrification

Answer 50

Soil bacteria convert nitrates into nitrogen gas.

Question 51

Primary Productivity

Answer 51

Rate at which organic matter is created by producers.

Question 52

Limiting Nutrient

Answer 52

When an ecosystem is limited by a single nutrient.