Osteoarthritis (NOT AN AUTOIMMUNE CONDITION)

Question 1

Explore the difference between rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune disease, and osteoarthritis, a degenerative joint disease. 
Discuss:
- Causes
- What it affects 
- Where it affects
- Age of onset

Answer 1

Rheumatoid arthritis:
• Inflammatory and auto-immune in cause
• Can affect any joint 
• Occurs bilaterally 
• 40 - 50 years age

Osteoarthritis:
• Degenerative in cause (overuse, too much weight)
• Affects manly weight bearing joints
• Occurs only unilaterally 
• 50 - 70 age

Question 2

List the predisposing factors for osteoarthritis (5)

Answer 2

• Repeated trauma
• Obesity
• Mechanical stresses
• Age-related changes in joints
• Genetic

Question 3

List the general signs and symptoms for osteoarthritis (4)

Answer 3

• Most frequently hips, knees, fingers & vertebrae
• Stiffness in morning or after inactivity
• Pain aggravated by temperature changes and weight
• Possibly TMJ crepitation & clicking

Question 4

Explain the dental considerations and management for osteoarthritis (4)

Answer 4

• Possible antibiotic premedication due to joint replacement (currently less common)
• Frequent, short appointments
• Adapted home care aids
• Reduced pressure on mandible and frequent rest periods due to fatigue in TMJ