Phys Neuro Testing Flashcards

1
Q

Describe Mononeuropathy: Neuropraxia

Give example of diagnosis:

A
  • Pressure, compression w/o Wallerian degeneration

- Carpal Tunnel

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2
Q

Acute NCV studies Mononeuropathy: Neuropraxia =

Prolonged =

A
Acute = Increase latency/decrease CV distally
Chronic = Decrease amplitude of SNAP/CMAP
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3
Q

EMG Acute Mononeuropathy: Neuropraxia =

Prolonged =

A
Acute = Usually normal
Chronic = signs of denervation
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4
Q

Describe Mononeuropathy: Axonotmesis

A

-Demyelination/axonal damage

+Wallerian Degeneration

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5
Q

NCV Mononeuropathy: Axonotmesis
Incomplete =
Complete =

A
Incomplete = Decrease amplitude SNAP/CMAP, increase distal segment latency
Complete = Absence of CMAP/SNAP
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6
Q

EMG Mononeuropathy: Axonotmesis

A
  • Prolonged insertional activity
  • Fibrillation/+Sharp waves
  • Polyphasic, initial reduced recruitment
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7
Q

Describe Mononeuropathy: Neurotmesis

A

-Complete disruption

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8
Q

NCV Mononeuropathy: Neurotmesis
Incomplete =
Complete =

A
Incomplete = Decrease amplitude SNAP/CMAP, increase distal segment latency
Complete = Absence of CMAP/SNAP
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9
Q

EMG Mononeuropathy: Neurotmesis

A
  • Prolonged insertional activity
  • Abnormal activity at rest
  • Fibrillations, sharp waves, fasciculations
  • Polyphasic
  • No voluntary activity
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10
Q

Polyneuropathy -

Diagnoses -

A
  • Diabetes neuropathy (axonal damage)
    1. Small nerve fibers
    2. Sensory fibers
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11
Q

Polyneuropathy NCV

A

Decrease amplitude = decrease integrity

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12
Q

Polyneuropathy EMG

A
  1. Small nerve fibers 1st and EMG test big fibers
  2. Sensory 1st so won’t change EMG
    Late stages:
    -Fibrillations, + sharp waves LE>UE
    -Increase amplitude and duration
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13
Q

Demyelination - Hereditary

Diagnosis -

A

-Charcot-Marie-tooth = muscles weakness (muscle and sensory)

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14
Q

Demyelination - Hereditary NCV

A

Increase latency and decrease CV

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15
Q

Demyelination - Hereditary EMG

Chronic

A

Acute- not helpful
Chronic - +fibrillations, +sharp waves
-Increase amplitude and duration

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16
Q

Demyelination - Acquired

Diagnosis

A

-Guillain-Barre = focal demylenation

17
Q

Demyelination - Acquired
NCV:
Before and after conduction block

A
  • Before conduction block - increase latency and decrease CV, decrease amplitude
  • After conduction block no changes
18
Q

Demyelination - Acquired

EMG

A

Not helpful acute stages

19
Q

NMJ Disorders

Diagnosis -

A

Myasthenia Gravis = decrease AcH receptors ->decrease contractility with use

20
Q

NMJ Disorders

NCV -

A
  • Normal

- Use repetitive neuron stimulation = decrease amplitude over time

21
Q

NMJ Disorders
EMG
Acute/chronic

A

-Acute - can be normal because small contractions = no change
-Chronic - Decrease MUAP amplitude/duration
Polyphasic

22
Q

Myopathy

Diagnosis -

A

Muscular distrophy = decrease muscle mass

23
Q

Myopathy: Muscular distrophy

NCV

A

NCV - usually normal

24
Q

Myopathy: Muscular distrophy

EMG

A

Fibrillation, +sharp waves
Decrease amplitude
Decrease duration
Polyphasic