A&P 3.14 digestive physiology

Question 0

Pronator quadratus

Answer 0

Origin: medial, anterior distal 1/4th surface of the ulna

Insertion: lateral, anterior distal 1/4th of radius

Action: pronate forearm

Question 1

Pronation teres

A, I, O

Answer 1

Origin: common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of ulna

Insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius

Action: pronate forearm, assists elbow flexion

MATCHED TO SUPINATOR IN SIZE AND OPPOSING ACTION

Question 2

Radioulnar joint

Answer 2

Between radius and ulna at the tuberosities

Question 3

Medial to lateral forearm muscles

Answer 3

Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Pronation teres

Question 4

Digestive process

Overview

Answer 4

Brings essential nutrients into the internal environment so they are available to every cell in the body

Question 5

Ingestion

Answer 5

Liquids and food taken in

Eating

Question 6

Secretion

Answer 6

Water, acids, buffers, enzymes

Assist in both chemical and physical digestion of food

Question 7

Motility

Answer 7

Movement of the GI tract

Physically breaks down and moves contents

Question 8

Digestion

Answer 8

Complex nutrients broken down into simpler nutrients

Question 9

Absorption

Answer 9

Movement of nutrients through the GI mucosa into the internal environment

Question 10

Elimination

Answer 10

Excretion of material not absorbed

Question 11

Mechanical digestion

Answer 11

Mastication
Deglutition
Peristalsis
Segmentation

Question 12

Mastication

Answer 12

Mixes food with saliva

Question 13

Deglutition

Answer 13

Swallowing

Question 14

Peristalsis

Answer 14

Wavelike ripples of the muscle layers

What moves the food downward

Question 15

Segmentation

Answer 15

Mixing movements within digestive tract but more about mixing it up than moving

Question 16

Chemical digestion

6 main types of chemical substances

Answer 16

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats (lipids)
Water
Vitamins
Minerals

Question 17

Chemical substances that need chemical digestion prior to absorption

Answer 17

Carbohydrates
Proteins
Fats

Question 18

Enzymes

Answer 18

Organic catalysts
Proteins that accelerate chemical reactions without showing up in the final product
Very specific in action - key-in-lock

Question 19

Enzymes

3 types

Answer 19

Amalyse
Pro teases
Lipase a

Question 20

Amylase

Answer 20

Breaks down carbohydrates to glucose

Found in saliva, pancreatic juice and lining of small intestine

Question 21

Proteases

Answer 21

Break down proteins to amino acids

Found in gastric juices, pancreatic juice and lining of small intestine

Question 22

Lipases

Answer 22

Break down lipids to fatty acids and glycerol

Pancreatic juice

Question 23

Digestive secretion

Answer 23

Release of various substances from exocrine glands

Includes: saliva, gastric juice, bile and intestinal juice

Question 24

Control of digestive gland secretion

Answer 24

When food is seen, smelled, thought or heard The brain activates digestive secretion in the mouth and stomach Food itself in the stomach and small intestines activate other secretory pathways

Question 25

Absorption

Answer 25

Passage of substances through the intestinal mucosa into the blood and lymph Fats pass into the lymphatic system and are absorbed, all other nutrients are absorbed by cardiovascular capillaries

Question 26

Elimination

Answer 26

Expulsion of the residue of digestion | Feces

Question 27

Defication

Answer 27

The process of removing feces

Question 28

Gastroenteritis

Answer 28

Umbrella term for stomach and GI inflammation

Question 29

Anorexia

Answer 29

Having to appetite | Versus anorexia nervosa - mental issues with weight control

Question 30

Nausea

Answer 30

Non-specific symptom of uneasiness in the stomach

Question 31

Emisis

Answer 31

Vomiting

Question 32

Diarrhea

Answer 32

Having loose or liquid bowel movements | More then 3 per day

Question 33

Constipation

Answer 33

Infrequent or hard to pass bowel movements

Question 34

Ulcer

Answer 34

H pylori Bacterial Loss of the lining, an open wound

Question 35

Stomach cancer

Answer 35

Gastric cancer

Question 36

Diverticulosis

Answer 36

Out poaching of the intestional wall

Question 37

Colitis

Answer 37

Inflammation of the colon

Question 38

Malabsorption

Answer 38

Inability to absorb nutrients

Question 39

IBS

Answer 39

Irritable bowel disease Umbrella term for irritable bowel movement

Question 40

Hepatitis

Answer 40

A, b, c, d, e Viral, either fecal, oral, blood born

Question 41

Pancreatitis

Answer 41

Inflammation of the pancreas

Question 42

Celiac

Answer 42

Can't digest gluten | Constipation or diarrhea

Question 43

Crohns

Answer 43

Auto-immune

Question 44

Bolus

Answer 44

Ball of food and saliva

Question 45

Chyme

Answer 45

Bonus with gastric juices Transitions from bolus to chyme at the stomach

Question 46

Feces

Answer 46

Solid waste Transition from chyme to feces at large intestine

Question 47

Turn chart into cards

Answer 47

.