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A&P 3 > A&P 3.0 - muscle of the day list - A&P 3 > Flashcards

A&P 3.0 - muscle of the day list - A&P 3 Flashcards

(62 cards)

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1
Q

Adductor longus

A, I, O

A

Proximal attachment: body of pubis, just below crest

Distal attachment: linea aspera of femur

Action: adduction of hip, assists flexion of hip

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2
Q

Adductor brevis

A, I, O

A

Origin: inferior RAMUS of the pubis

Insertion: upper 1/3 of linea aspera

Action: adducts thigh, flexes thigh, medial rotation of thigh

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3
Q

Adductor Magnus

A 
O: Inferior Ramus of Pubis
 Ischium to Ischial Tuberosity
I: Linea Aspera of femur
A: Adduction & medial rotation of thigh
     Anterior: Flexion of thigh
     Posterior: Extension of thigh
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4
Q

Pectineus

A, I, O

A

ORIGION : crest and superior RAMUS of the pubis

Insertion: pectineal line of femur - between lesser trochanter and linea aspera

Action: adducts and assists in flexion of the femur

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5
Q

Gracillis

A, I, O

A

Origin: inferior RAMUS of the pubis

Insertion: anterior proximal, medial tibia ( pes anserinus)

Action: adduction of the lower extremity, flexion of the knee

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6
Q

Pectinious is

A

Most anterior and most superior of the adductors

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7
Q

Adductor Magnus is

A

deepest

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8
Q

GRACILIS is

A

most medial

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9
Q

Rectus abdominus

A, I, O

A

Superior attachment: xipoid process of sternum, costal cartilage ribs 5-7

Inferior attachments: pubic crest, pubic symphysis

Action: flexion of trunk (spine), posterior tilt of pelvis

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10
Q

Internal obliques

A, I, O

A

ORIGIN: upper portion of inguinal ligament and iliac crest

Insertion: internal surface of lower 3 ribs and linea alba

Action: unilaterally- ipsilateral side-bending and rotation of the trunk

Bilaterally- flexion of trunk, compression of abdominal contents (breathing, coughing, hiccuping, bearing down)

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11
Q

Transverse Abdominus

A 
O: Upper portion of inguinal ligament
     Iliac crest
     thoracolumbar aponeurosis
     lower 6 ribs & costal cartilage
I: linea alba
A: compress the abdominal contents (in breathing, coughing, hiccuping, bearing down to defecate)
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12
Q

Thenar muscles

A

3 muscles around ball of thumb

Abductor pollicis brevis
Flexor pollicis brevis
Opponents pollicis

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13
Q

Thenar muscles

O, I, A

A

Origin: scaphoid, trapezium and flexor retinaculum

Insert: flexor/abductor : lateral side of base of proximal phalanx of the thumb
Opponens: lateral side of the 1st metacarpal

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14
Q

Thenar muscles

Action

A

Abductor pollicis brevis: abducts joint at MP joint

Flexor pollicis brevis: flexes thumb at MP joint

Opponens pollicis: opposition of thumb at CM joint

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15
Q

Extensor digitorum

O,I, A

A

Origin: LATERAL epicondyle of the humerus

Insertion: proximal, middle (intermediate) and distal phalanges of four fingers (NOT THE THUMB)

Action: extension of the fingers at the interphalangeal joints and the metacarpalophalangeal joints

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16
Q

Occipitofrontalis

A, I , O

A

Superior attachment: galea aponeurotica
Inferior attachment: frontalis - skin over eyebrows
Occipitalis- superior nuchal line of the occiput
Action - frontalis - raises eyebrows and wrinkles forehead
Occipitalis - anchors and retracts the galea posteriorly

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17
Q

Galea aponeurotica

A

Sheet like tissue over top of skull

Connects frontalis to occipitalis

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18
Q

Hypothenar muscles

3

A

Abductor digiti minimi - superficial
Flexor digiti minimi brevis - medial
Opponens digiti minimi - deep

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19
Q

Hypothernar eminence

A

Ulnar side of the palm
Formed by three muscles
Opposite side of the thenar

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20
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A, I, o

A

Action - abducts the little finger (5th finger) at the MP joint, assists in opposition of the 5th finger towards the thumb
Proximal attachment -Pisiform, hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion - base of proximal phalange of 5th finger

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21
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A, I, o

A

Action - Flexes small short finger (5th finger) at the MP joint, assists in opposition of the 5th finger toward the joint
Proximal attachment -Pisiform, hamate and flexor retinaculum
Insertion - base of proximal phalange of 5th finger

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22
Q

Opponens digiti minimi

A

Action - Opposes 5th finger at the CM joint

Proximal attachment -Pisiform, hamate and flexor retinaculum

Insertion - shaft of the 5th metacarpal

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23
Q

All three have same proximal attachment

A

Pisiform, hamate and flexor retinaculum

2 most anteromedial metacarpals

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24
Q

Popliteus

A, O, I

A

Origin: lateral condyle of the femur

Insertion: posterior proximal tibia - above soleal line

Action: unlocks knee to permit flexion

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25
Deepest muscle of the posterior knee
Popliteus
26
Plantaris A, I, o
Sole of the foot Origin: lateral super condylar ridge of the femur Insertion: via a long tendon that attaches to the medial Achilles' tendon and deep fascia of the ankle Action: assists in plantar flexion of ankle Runs oblique from lateral to medial
27
Longest tendon in the body
Plantaris Short muscle belly but longest tendon in the body
28
Transversospinalis
Multifidi Rotatores Deep to the erector spinalis muscles Transverse to spinous Rotatores are the deepest
29
Multifidi
Attachment: sacrum and transverse process of the lumbar through cervical vertebrae Superior attachment: spinous process of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae - span 2-4 vertebrae Action: unilaterally - rotate vertebral column to opposite side
30
Rotatores
Attachment : transverse processes of the lumbar through cervical vertebrae Superior attachment: spinous process of lumbar vertebrae through second cervical vertebrae - span 1-2 vertebrae Action: unilaterally - rotate vertebral column to opposite side Bilaterally - extend vertebral column
31
Peroneal muscles also known as
Fibularis
31
PERONEUS brevis A, I ,O
Origin: distal 2/3 lateral fibula Insertion: base of the 5th metatarsal Action: plantar-flexion and eversion of foot COULD BE FIBULARIS PERONEUS BREVIS
32
Diaphragm A, I, O
Origin: inner surface of lower 6 ribs, upper 2 or 3 lumbar vertebrae, inner aspect of xipoid process Insertion: central tendon (penetrated by aorta, vena cava and esophagus Action: inspiration - elevates and expands lower costal margin and lower ribs, depresses central tendon and the two muscle domes, increasing volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation
33
Diaphragm penetrated by
Aorta Vena cava Esophagus
34
Serratus posterior A, I, O
Medial attachment: superior - spinous process C6 or 7 to T1 or 2; inferior - spinous process of T 10, 11, or 12 to L1, 2 Lateral attachment: superior - lateral side of angles of ribs 2-5; inferior- lower border of ribs 9-12 Action - superior - raises 2-5th ribs to ASSIST inhalation; inferior - draws lower ribs back and down
35
Scalenes
Anterior Middle Posterior
36
Anterior scalenes A, I, O
Superior attachment - front of TP C3-C6 Inferior attachment - inner, upper edge of first rib Action - lateral flexion of the neck, flexion
37
Middle scalenes A,I, O
Superior attachment - back of TP C2-C7 Inferior attachment - outer, upper edge of first rib Action - lateral flexion of the neck
38
Posterior scalenes A, I, O
Superior attachment - back of TP C5, or C6, C7 Inferior attachment - lateral surface of 2nd, sometimes 3rd rib Action - lateral flexion of the neck
39
Intercostals A, I, O
Superior attachment: external/internal - inferior border of rib above Inferior attachment: external/internal - superior border of rib below Actions: External - assist inspiration by contracting Internal - assist expiration by contracting
40
Supinator A, I, O
Proximal attachment : lateral epicondyle of the humerus and proximal ridge of the ulna Proximal attachment: proximal anterior and lateral surface of the radius Action: supinates forearm
41
Flexor digitorum superficials A, I, O
Origin: common flexor tendon of medial epicondyle, ulnar collateral ligament, coronoid process ulna, interosseous membrane and proximal shaft of the radius Insertion: sides of middle phalanges of 2-5 fingers Action: flex 2-5 fingers (MC and interphalangeal joints) and flex wrist
42
Flexor digitorum profundis A, I, O
Origin: anterior and medial surface of the proximal 3/4 of ulna Insertion: bases of distal phalanges, Palmer surface of 2-5 fingers Action: flexion of 2-5 fingers (MC & distal interphalangeal joints) assists in wrist flexion DEEPEST MUSCLE of flexors Pronator quadratus is the deepest of all
43
Anterior compartment 4 muscles
Tibialis anterior Extensor hallicis longus Extensor digitorum longus PERONEUS tertius
44
Extensor hallicis longus A, I, O
Origin: anteromedial surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane Insertion: base of distal phalanx of great toe (hallicis) Action: extension/dorsiflexion the big toe
45
Extensor digitorum longus A, I , O
Origin: lateral condyle of tibia and superior 2/3 anterior margin of fibula Insertion: by four tendons to dorsal surface of bases of proximal, middle, and digital phalanges of toes 2-5 Action: extension/dorsiflexion of the 4 lateral toes
46
PERONEUS tertius A, I, O
Proximal: distal 1/3 of fibula Distal attachment: base of 5th metatarsal bone Action: assists dorsiflexion and eversion of foot FIBULARIS
47
Lateral compartment
PERONEUS longus
48
PERONEUS longus A, I, O
Origin: proximal 2/3 lateral fibula and head of the fibula Insertion: base of the first metatarsal and medial cuniform Action: plantar-flexion and eversion of foot
49
posterior compartment
Gastrocnemius | Soleus
50
Deep posterior compartment
Flexor digitorum longus Flexor hallucis longus Tibialis posterior
51
Flexor digitorum longus A, I ,O
Origin: middle 1/3 posterior tibia Insertion: by 4 tendons to base of distal phalanges toes 2-5 Action: flexes toes 2-5, assists plantar flexion and inversion
52
Flexor hallicis longus A, I, O
Origin: lower 2/3 posterior fibula Insertion: distal phalanx, great toe Action: flexes great toe, assists plantarflexion and inversion HALLUCIS STARTS MOST LATERAL AND ENDS UP MOST MEDIAL
53
Tibialis posterior A, I, O
Origin: interosseous membrane and inner border of fibula and fibula Insertion: most of the tarsals ( NOT CALCANEUS, TALUS OR MIDDLE/INTERMEDIATE CUNEIFORM) and the 3rd and 4th metatarsals Action: plantarflexion, inversion
54
Suboccipital muscles 4
Rectus CAPITIS posterior major Rectus CAPITIS posterior minor Obliquus CAPITIS superior Obliquus CAPITIS inferior Deepest muscles in the neck
55
Rectus CAPITIS posterior major A,I,o
Origin: spinous process axis (c2) Insertion: inferior nuchal line of occiput Action: all contribute to neck extension (postural), rock and tilt head into extension, rotate head to same side
56
Rectus CAPITIS posterior minor
Origin: tubercle of posterior arch of atlas (c1) Insertion: inferior nuchal line of occiput Action: all contribute to neck extension (postural), rock and tilt head into extension Superior to major
57
Obliquuis CAPITIS superior A,I, o
Origin: transverse process of atlas (c1) Insertion: between nuchal lines of occiput Action: all contribute to neck extension (postural), rock and tilt head into extension, laterally flexes to same side
58
Obloquus CAPITIS inferior A, I, o
Origin: spinous process of axis (c2) Insertion: transverse process of the atlas (c1) Action: all contribute to neck extension (postural), rotate head to same side
59
Pronation teres A, I, O
Origin: common flexor tendon (medial epicondyle of the humerus and coronoid process of ulna Insertion: middle of lateral surface of radius Action: pronate forearm, assists elbow flexion MATCHED TO SUPINATOR IN SIZE AND OPPOSING ACTION
60
Pronator quadratus
Origin: medial, anterior distal 1/4th surface of the ulna Insertion: lateral, anterior distal 1/4th of radius Action: pronate forearm
61
Medial to lateral forearm muscles
Flexor carpi ulnaris Palmaris longus Flexor carpi radialis Pronation teres

A&P 3 (18 decks)

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