L&J Chp 1 Flashcards

1
Q

“Anaisthaesia”

A

Insensibility

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2
Q

Analgesia

A

Absence of pain IRT stimulation, which would normally be painful
Generally reserved for describing state in a conscious patient

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3
Q

Nociception

A

Neural process of encoding noxious stimuli

  • Physiologic process that underlies conscious perception of pain
  • Does not require consciousness
  • Can continue unabated during GA if techniques that interrupt/inhibit transduction, transmission, and modulation of nociceptive stimuli are not included
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4
Q

Pain

A

Unpleasant sensory/emotional experience associated with actual/potential tissue damage or described in terms of such damage

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5
Q

Tranquilization

A

Behavioral change wherein anxiety is relieved
Patient becomes relaxed –> still aware of surroundings
Tranquilizers = drugs that result in tranquilization
–Some prefer anxiolytic/anti-anxiety drug when describing drugs that result in both reduced anxiety and relaxation

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6
Q

Sedation

A
  • State characterized by central depression accompanied by drowsiness +/- some degree of centrally induced relaxation
  • Generally unaware of surroundings –> can become aroused, is responsive to noxious stimuli
  • Not recommended by themselves to immobilize a patient during times which painful stimuli likely to occur
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7
Q

Narcosis

A

Drug-induced state of deep sleep from which patient cannot be easily aroused
+/- accompanied by antinociception, depending on techniques/drugs used

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8
Q

Hypnosis

A

Condition of artificially induced sleep/trance resembling sleep, resulting from moderate depression of the CNS from which the patient is readily aroused

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9
Q

Local analgesia/anesthesia

A

Loss of pain sensation in a circumscribed body area

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10
Q

Regional anesthesia/analgesia

A

Insensibility to pain in a larger, though limited, body area usually defined by a pattern of innervation to the effected nerve(s)

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11
Q

General anesthesia

A

Drug-induced unconsciousness characterized by controlled but reversible depression of the CNS and perception

  • Patient not arousable by noxious stimulation
  • Sensory, motor, autonomic reflex functions attenuated to varying degrees, depending upon specific drug(s) and technique(s) used
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12
Q

Surgical general anesthesia

A

State/plane of anesthesia that provides unconsciousness, amnesia, muscular relaxation, and hypoalgesia sufficient for painless surgery

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13
Q

Balanced anesthesia

A

Simultaneous use of multiple drugs/techniques
Drugs targeted to attenuate specifically individual components of the anesthetic state –> amnesia, antinociception, muscle relaxation, and alteration of autonomic reflexes

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14
Q

Dissociative anesthesia

A

Induced by drugs that dissociate the thalamocortic and limbic systems

  • -Characterized by cataleptoid state in which eyes remain open, swallowing reflexes intact
  • -Skeletal muscle hypertonus persists unless strong sedative, peripheral/central muscle relaxant is co-administered
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