32 Flashcards
When did Heaney move back to the republic of Ireland?
‘You implicated the mellowed silence in you’
(symbol of harvest bow, two meanings of ‘implicate’, meaning of ‘mellowed silence’, structure of the line)
—————————————————————————
‘But brightens as it tightens twist by twist’
(rhythm [2], other poet the writing is similar to)
In 1972 Heaney moved from Belfast to the Republic of Ireland- Wicklow - Glanmore cottage
Harvest bow: a token of love
- to intertwine
- literal intertwining of the wheat
- Heaney’s father intertwining a part of himself into the bow (demonstrates a close connection with this intricate physical act which is reminiscent of his groundings in nature and physical work) AND (demonstrates his unconditional love towards Heaney as he puts exquisite delicacy into the creation)
OR to imply*
- Heaney’s father doesn’t explicitly use words, instead he shows meaning through his physical actions (farming)
- LINK: Heaney in contrast uses words and instead of physically ‘digging’, he digs with his pen.
‘mellowed silence’ - father becoming more gentler with age
This quote flows into the next line which is ‘In wheat that does not rust’ - enjambment - sense of gentle, flowing movement.
- internal rhyme
- the sound of the line mimics the rhythm of plaiting (draws the reader in, grounding the moment in reality to illuminate Heaney and his father’s close relationship - they are unified in realism)
- similar to how Hopkins writes apparently
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors - abbreviation
S
SHBD - Smoking/High Blood Pressure/Blood Cholesterol/Diet
S:
CO binds irreversibly to red blood cells reducing the capacity of blood that can carry oxygen. The heart has to work harder to supply the equivalent amount of oxygen to the tissues, which increases blood pressure and so the risk of stroke and CHD, inefficient supply of oxygen to heart muscles can also cause chest pain (angina) or a myocardial infarction
Smoking decreases antioxidants which are important in protecting cells from damage, this means cell damage in the coronary artery wall is more likely and so there is a risk of atheroma formation.
Nicotine makes platelets more ‘sticky’ increasing the risk of thrombus formation and so a high risk of strokes/heart attacks.
Nicotine increases adrenaline production, adrenaline makes the heart beat faster which means higher blood pressures so increased risk of CHD and strokes.
H:
If your genes cause you to have a high blood pressure then your lifestyle won’t change this. HBP caused by lack of sleep, lack of exercise, prolonged stress, certain diets. At high blood pressures the heart has to work harder to pump blood into the arteries and the high pressures mean artery walls are likely to weaken (aneurysm) and burst causing hemorrhage. To resist high pressure the arterial walls may also harden and thicken which restricts blood flow.
5 stages of mass spec
3 important bits of knowledge about the final peak?
Vaporisation - turn compound into a gaseous state
Ionisation - sample entered into the mass spectrometer is bombarded with electrons to form ions.
Acceleration - the mass spectrometer has two plates, one negatively charged and the other positively charged. These cause a strong electrical field between them. As a result the ions are accelerated through this field.
Deflection - usually the plates are made of iron we creates a magnetic field. This magnetic field causes the ions direction of travel to be bent into a circular path. The degree to which they are bent depends on their mass. (Lighter & more charged the more bent) [so the lower down the number is on the x axis the lighter the ion is and we also know it is smaller]
Detection - ions hit the detector screen which is linked to a computer that produces a mass spectrometry graph showing the number of ions at each particular mass.
The M + ion peak.
It represents the largest molecular ion that can be formed from the compound put in the mass spectrometer
You could use the final peak to work out what the full molecular formula of the compound they put in was. (The compound will most likely be the same formula as ion the compound forms but ignoring the charge sign) EG. If the final peak was labelled C3H3O2+ then the compound put it will probably have been C3H3O2. OR you could work out what the compound put in was by looking at the number on the x axis which is the same as the RFM then using trial and error to determine the molecular formula of the compound therefore figuring out what the compound is.
Sometimes the largest ion that can be produced from the compound is very unstable and breaks down before a final peak can be produced.
