Forearm and hand Flashcards
Where is the olecranon located?
On the ulna anteriorly it forms a “head”
What is located directly beneath the head of the radius?
The neck of the radius and directly inferomedially is the radial tuberosity.
What is the purpose of the radial tuberosity?
It is the insertion point of the biceps tendon.
Where is the radial fovea located?
Directly above the head of the radius. It articulates with the humerus.
What are the ulnar and radial notches for?
They provide spaces for each other to articulate. (Ulnar notch is a point on the radius for the ulna to articulate. Vice versa is true for the radial notch on the ulna)
Where is the radial styloid process located?
It is a bony projection from the distal radius (just under the thumb)
What is the significance of the anterior border of the radius?
It is shaped in a way that is important for pronation and supination of the arm
Where does the interosseus membrane articulate with the radius?
In the interosseus crest.
What kind of joint is present between radius and ulna?
Syndesmosis joint
What does the ulnar tuberosity do? Where is it located?
insertion point for brachialis
It is located anteriorly just below the coronoid process
Where is the ulnar styloid process located?
On the ulnar side it is a smaller projection than the radial styloid process.
Why is the interosseus membrane located more posteriorly?
To provide more laxity during the action of pronation
What are the carpal bones called?
She Looks Too Pretty Try To Catch Her
From lateral to medial, proximal to distal.
Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Trapezium trapezoid Capitate Hamate
How are metacarpals numbered?
1 to 5 from thumb side
Which finger has only 2 phalanges?
The thumb
Where does most hand movement take place?
Around the radiocarpal joint
Where does finger movement take place?
At the metacarpo-phalangeal joints (knuckles)
What ligaments hold the elbow together?
Ulnar collateral ligament (MCL)
Radial collateral ligament (LCL)
Annular ligament (Forms a sling around the head of the radius and is connected to the LCL)
What retains the tendons and prevents bowstringing in the wrist?
The flexor retinaculum on the flexor side and extensor retinaculum on the extensor side
What is the origin and insertion and action of the brachioradialis muscle?
Origin: Lateral supracondylar line of humerus. (Highest origin point of any forearm muscle)
Insertion: Styloid process of radius
Action: Flexes forearm
What kind of muscle is brachioradialis considered to be developmentally?
It is a dorsal compartment muscle even though it is located in the anterior compartment.
Brachioradialis is considered a shunt muscle. What does this mean?
When origin is close to the joint it acts on
What is the origin, insertion, and action of pronator teres?
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus (and supracondylar line)
Insertion: Lateral surface of the radius
Action: Pronates forearm
What is the origin, insertion, and action of Flexor carpi radialis?
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Metacarpals 2 & 3
Action: Flexes and abducts hand
Where do all anterior compartment muscles originate (besides brachioradialis)?
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
What is the origin, insertion, and action of palmaris longus?
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Flexor retinaculum
Action: Flexes hand
What is the origin, insertion, and action of flexor carpi ulnaris?
Origin: Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Insertion: Pisiform, hamate, and metacarpal 5
Action: Flexes and adducts the hand
What is the origin, insertion, and action of Flexor digitorum superficialis?
Origin: Medial epicondyle of humerus and coronoid process of the ulna
Insertion: Middle phalanges digits 2 - 5
Action: Flexes middle phalanges digits 2 - 5 (no flexion of distal phalanges)
