ecosystems

Question 1

habitat

Answer 1

the place where an organism lives

Question 2

population

Answer 2

all of the organisms of one species in a habitat

Question 3

producer

Answer 3

an organism that produces organic molecules using sunlight energy –> plants

Question 4

consumer

Answer 4

an organism that eats other organisms –> animals

Question 5

decomposer

Answer 5

an organism that break down dead or undigested organic material –> bacteria/ fungi

Question 6

trophic level

Answer 6

a stage in a food chain occupied by a particular group of organisms –> producers are the first trophic level in a food chain

Question 7

ecosystem

Answer 7

natural environment and includes the flora (plants) and fauna (animals) that live and interact within that environment

Question 8

topology

Answer 8

shape of the land

Question 9

What are examples for abiotic factors of an ecosystem?

Answer 9

• temperature
• rainfall
• topology
• soil nutrient availability

Question 10

What are examples for abiotic factors specifically in an aquatic ecosystem?

Answer 10

PH

salinity

Question 11

biome

Answer 11

large-scale ecosystem

Question 12

biomass

Answer 12

energy stored in living material

Question 13

how can the energy locked up in material that can’t be eaten be transferred back into the ecosystem?

Answer 13

decomposers

Question 14

why is some energy not taken in by the consumer?

Answer 14

some parts of the food aren’t eaten –> roots
some part of the food are indigestible –> bones

for producers: plants can’t take in all the light (wrong wavelength/ hits wrong parts

Question 15

How can human activities increase the transfer of energy

Answer 15

• keeping animals warm
• killing weeds that compete with your agricultural products with herbicides
• fungicides
• insecticides
• introducing natural predators (bugs that eat mean bugs)
• fertilizers (Dünger)

Question 16

community

Answer 16

Community consists of the group of populations of different species living together and interacting with them in a region.

Question 17

succession

Answer 17

process of ecosystem change

Question 18

mutualism

Answer 18

positiv interaction between organisms -> symbiose

Question 19

parasitism

Answer 19

interaction between to organisms: one lives on the expense of the other one (sometimes without killing it)

Question 20

predation

Answer 20

Raub

Question 21

do the biotic or the abiotic factors change first

Answer 21

abiotic factors

Question 22

During the process of evolution, natural selection will favor individuals with...
... an advantageous gene pool
... an advantageous allele
... a high reproductive capacity
... a wide geographic distribution
... a narrow geographic distribution

Answer 22

an advantageous allele