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777 > Flight Controls > Flashcards

Flight Controls Flashcards

1
Q

When will the TAC (Thrust Asymmetry Compensator) automatically disengage?

A

1) when airspeed is below 70 knots on the ground, or
2) when reverse thrust is applied, or
3) when automatically disengaged due to system malfunction or loss of engine thrust data
4) if flight controls are no longer in the normal mode

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2
Q

How do the flight controls revert to the secondary mode?

A

Automatically, when the PFCs can no longer support the normal mode due to internal faults or loss of airspeed and/or inertial reference data.

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3
Q

Describe slat load relief.

A

Available in secondary mode only. If airspeed is > 256kts and slat are fully extended the slats will retract to the mid position.

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4
Q

Do these pitch trim switches move the control column?

A

Pitch trim does not move the control column.

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5
Q

Do trim switches have any effect when the autopilot is engaged?

A

The primary pitch trim switches are inhibited when the autopilot is engaged.

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6
Q

Explain how the pitch trim switches operate?

A

On the ground, the stabilizer is directly positioned when the pilot uses the pitch trim switches. In flight, the pitch trim switches do not position the stabilizer directly, but make inputs to the PFCs to change the trim reference speed.

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7
Q

What is Trim Reference Speed?

A

The speed at which the airplane would eventually stabilize if there were no control column inputs. Thrust changes result in a relatively constant indicated airspeed climb or descent, with no trim inputs needed unless airspeed changes.

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8
Q

What is the function of the Alternate Pitch Trim levers?

A

These levers move the trim reference airspeed (normal mode) and also move the stabilizer (all modes). The alternate pitch trim levers are linked to the stabilizer trim control modules (STCM) via control cables, and then mechanically to the stabilizer. Alternate pitch trim commands have priority over wheel pitch trim commands in all flight control modes

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9
Q

What is wheel to rudder cross tie?

When is it available?

A

Provides the capability of controlling the initial effects of an engine failure using control wheel inputs only. Will deflect the rudder up to 8° with control wheel only.

Wheel to rudder cross–tie is operative in flight below 210 knots in the normal mode, and speeds above 70 knots on takeoff

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10
Q

Is there a way to manually select the secondary flight control mode?

A

No

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11
Q

Can we manually select the direct mode?

A

Manually selected by moving the PRIMARY FLIGHT COMPUTERS DISCONNECT switch to DISC.

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12
Q

What are the flap speed limits?

A 
1 - 265
5 - 245
15 - 230
20 - 225
25 - 200
30 - 180
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13
Q

What are the three modes of the flight control system?

A
  • normal
  • secondary
  • direct
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14
Q

Explain the normal mode.

Manual vs autopilot

A

In normal mode during manual flight, four ACEs receive pilot control inputs and send these signals to the three PFCs. The PFCs verify these signals and information from other airplane systems in order to compute control surface commands. These commands are then sent back to the ACES. The ACES send enhanced signals to the PSUs.

When the autopilot is engaged, the autopilot system sends commands to the PFCs. The PFCs generate control surface commands, which are then sent to the ACEs in the same manner as pilot control inputs. The autopilot commands move the pilot controls to provide indications of what the autopilot is doing

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15
Q

The pilot controls command what system electronic components.

A
  • four actuator control electronics (ACEs)

* three primary flight computers (PFCs).

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16
Q

What is flight envelope protection?

What are the three protections?

A

Flight envelope protection reduces the possibility of inadvertently exceeding the flight envelope by providing crew awareness of envelope margins through tactile, aural, and visual cues. Envelope protection does not reduce pilot control authority.

  • stall protection
  • overspeed protection
  • bank angle protection
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17
Q

How are the flight controls actuated in direct mode?

A

In the direct mode, the PFCs no longer generate control surface commands. Pilot inputs received by the ACEs are sent directly to the PSUs.

18
Q

What do you lose in direct mode?

A

GAATTEY, wheel to rudder cross tie, and manual rudder trim cancel switch

19
Q

How does the mechanical backup work?

A

In the unlikely event of a complete electrical system shut–down, cables from the flight deck to the stabilizer (alternate pitch trim) and selected spoilers (4 & 11) allow the pilot to fly straight and level until the electrical system is restarted.

20
Q

Describe stall protection.

A

Stall protection limits the speed to which the airplane can be trimmed. This trim inhibit speed is approximately the minimum maneuvering speed (top of the amber band) at lower altitudes, and can be 10 to 20 knots lower than the top of the amber band at higher altitudes

21
Q

Describe overspeed protection.

A

At VMO/MMO, overspeed protection limits the trim reference speed so that trim is inhibited in the nose down direction. The pilot must apply continuous forward column force to maintain airspeed above VMO/MMO. Use of the alternate pitch trim levers does not reduce column forces.

22
Q

Describe tailstrike protection

A

During takeoff or landing, the PFCs calculate if a tail strike is imminent and decrease elevator deflection, if required, to reduce the potential for tail strike. Activation of tail strike protection does not provide feedback to the control column.

23
Q

Describe bank angle protection.

A

Bank angle protection provides roll control wheel inputs when airplane bank angle exceeds the bank angle protection boundary of approximately 35°. If the boundary is exceeded, the control wheel force rolls the airplane back within 30° of bank. This roll command can be overridden by the pilot. Maximum control wheel deflection always commands maximum control surface deflection.

The autopilot disengage bar disables bank angle protection.

24
Q

Describe yaw dampening.

A

Provides turn coordination and Dutch roll damping.

25
Q

Describe gust suppression

A

Reduces the effects of lateral gusts and improves lateral ride quality through a combination of yaw and roll commands.

Operation does not result in either rudder pedal or control wheel movement.

26
Q

What are the three modes of flap and slat operation?

A

Three modes of flap and slat operation are:
• primary (hydraulic)
• secondary (electric)
• alternate (electric).

27
Q

Describe flap load relief

A

In the primary mode, the flap load relief system protects the flaps from excessive air loads. If flap airspeed placard limits are exceeded with the flaps in the 15 through 30 position, LOAD RELIEF is displayed and the flaps automatically retract to a position appropriate to the airspeed. Flaps start to retract when airspeed is 1 knot higher than the flap placard airspeed. Load relief retraction is limited to flaps 5.

When airspeed is 5 knots below the flap placard airspeed for the commanded flap position, the flaps automatically re-extend. Re–extension is limited to the commanded flap position.

28
Q

Describe autoslats

A

The autoslat system enhances airplane stall characteristics. Upon receiving a signal from the stall warning system, the slats automatically extend from the midrange position to the fully extended landing position. The slats retract a few seconds after the signal is removed. Slats are fully extended to improve stall
handling characteristics.

Autoslat operation is armed at flaps 1, 5, 15 and 20 and is available only in the primary slat mode.

29
Q

Does the auto pilot work in the secondary or direct modes?

A

No

30
Q

What doesn’t work in secondary mode?

A

GAATTEY and wheel to rudder cross tie

31
Q

What is autothrottle wake up?

A

The autothrottle can automatically activate to provide stall protection when armed and not active (A/T mode is blank). If speed decreases to near stick shaker activation, the autothrottle automatically activates in SPD mode and advances thrust to maintain minimum maneuvering speed (approximately the top of the amber band) or the speed set in the IAS/MACH window, whichever is greater. The autothrottle will not support stall protection when the A/T mode is HOLD. When in HOLD mode, thrust lever servos are inhibited and the autothrottle does not control thrust or speed.

32
Q

What flight control do you have with the loss of all four ACES?

A

Mechanical control of 2 spoiler panels (4 and 11) and alternate pitch trim.

33
Q

What’s happening when you get the EICAS message FLAP/SLAT CONTROL?

A

You’ve lost flap and slat sequencing. The alternate mode allows direct manual operation of the flaps and slats through the secondary drive electric motors.

34
Q

What do the slats do in alternate mode?

A

The flaps and slats extend simultaneously, but slat retraction is inhibited until the flaps are up. Alternate mode flap and slat extension is limited to slats midrange

35
Q

What is the max flap setting in the alternate mode?

A

20

36
Q

What do the slats do in the secondary mode?

A

In the secondary mode, the flaps and slats are positioned by electric motors. Because autoslats are unavailable, the slats are fully extended at all flap positions (if airspeed is less than 256 knots) to improve stall handling characteristics. If airspeed exceeds 256 knots, the slats retract to the midrange position (the midrange index on the slat position indicator) or will not extend beyond the midrange position. If the slats are in the midrange position (flaps 1 through 20) when the secondary mode is engaged, they remain in that position until the flaps are retracted to UP, or extended beyond 20.

37
Q

When do the slats normally go from mid to full extend?

A

Selection of flaps 25 commands both the flaps and slats to move to landing positions. First the slats extend to the fully extended position, then the flaps extend to the landing flaps 25 position.

38
Q

What is the basic flap slat sequencing?

A

Slats go down first and come up last.

39
Q

Can you turn the Battery switch off in flight?

A

No, system logic prevents it.

40
Q

Which spoilers are locked out?

A

In normal mode spoilers 5 & 10 are locked out at high speed.

In secondary and direct mode spoilers 5 & 10 are always locked out.

41
Q

What do you lose in secondary flap mode?

A

Lose flap load relief

Gain slat load relief, because for all flap selections slats go to full. So, slats will retract to mid range if > 256 kts

Lose auto slat (not required because if flaps are down slats are fully extended)

42
Q

What do you lose in alternate flap mode?

How do the flaps/slats operate in alternate mode?

A

Lose all protections

Must use the alternate flaps switch. Flaps and slats move together. Max slats is mid range and max flaps is 20

Indicator will show individual flap/slat tick marks

777 (23 decks)

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