Plasma Membranes and Transport Flashcards
List some examples of organelles.
The nulcleus, mitochondria, chloroplasts, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
What is a plasma membrane?
They are membranes that surround not only cells but structures (called organelles) within cells. Plasma membranes are designed to regulate the movement of substances in and out of cells ( or in and out of organelles).
What is another word for water soluble?
Hydrophilic
What is another name fir water insoluble?
Hydrophobic
What is simple diffusion?
A process which involves the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through the phospholipid layer. Diffusion requires no additional energy. Only small uncharged molecules can pass across the the phospholipid region of the membrane via simple diffusion.
(See diagram)
What is the structure of a basic cell membrane?
Outside the cell Phospholipid. } Hydrophobic region. }. Bilayer Hydrophilic region. } Inside the cell i.e cytoplasm
What is the name of the fluid between cells?
Extracellular fluid
What is facilitated diffusion?
Facilitated diffusion involves a protein channel or protein carrier molecule. These proteins assist with the diffusion process. Facilitated diffusion is required for larger molecules like glucose and amino acids or for substances that carry a charge like sodium + ion etc.
(See diagram)
What is active transport
Active transport moves substances against their concentration gradient. In other words, substances are moved from am area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This process requires energy in the form of ATP. It typically involves the transport of ions. Active transport is used to maintain high concentrations of ions on one side of a membrane or the other. Necessary for nerve and muscle function.
(See diagram)
What is osmosis?
Osmosis is really a form of simple diffusion BUT it involves water.
What is another word for water soluble?
Hydrophilic
What is another name fir water insoluble?
Hydrophobic
What is simple diffusion?
A process which involves the movement of substances from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration through the phospholipid layer. Diffusion requires no additional energy. Only small uncharged molecules can pass across the the phospholipid region of the membrane via simple diffusion.
(See diagram)
What is the structure of a basic cell membrane?
Outside the cell Phospholipid. } Hydrophobic region. }. Bilayer Hydrophilic region. } Inside the cell i.e cytoplasm
What is the name of the fluid between cells?
Extracellular fluid
