9.2 (2)- Kidney Tests Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 9.2 (2)- Kidney Tests Deck (22)
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1
Q

How to suggest kidney disease (4)

A
  • change in urine volume, frequency, color
  • pain in abdomen
  • pain on mictrition
  • oedema
2
Q

cause of kidney failure: pre kidney + %

A

shock (not enough blood to the kidney causing injury) 25% of cases

3
Q

Kidney failure at the kidney level (3 causes)

A

Glomerular membrane- always involved

Tubule- 50% of cases

Vascular 5%

4
Q

% of kidney failure due to post kidney

A

10%

5
Q

How to test for GFR

A

plasma/serum creatine

6
Q

How to test for tubular functions (2)

A
  1. Plasma and urine sodium

2. Plasma and /or unine osmolarity

7
Q

what does chronic low level of pr

A

early sign of kidney disease

8
Q

Chronic large protein loss is a feature of what

A

Nephrotic syndrome

9
Q

What is nephrosis vs neohritis

A

nephrosis- swollen kidney (consequence of glomerular nephritis)

Nephritis- inflamed kidney

10
Q

What is nephrotic syndrome due to

A

Glomerulonephritis

11
Q

Causes of post kidney failure

A
kidney stones
prostate cancer
kidney cancers
bladder cancers
cystic diseases
12
Q

causes of kidney and bladder stones (3)

A

dehydration
mineral excess
infections

13
Q

4 main types of bladder stones and %

A

1/2. calcium oxalate + phosphate= 55-80

triple ammonium phosphate- 5-10%

urate- 5-10%

14
Q

disease that causes 10% of kidney stones

A

Hyperparathyrodism

15
Q

Clinical findings in kidney cancer (3)

A

Harmaturia
Loin pain
Flank Mass

16
Q

Lab tests for kidney cancer

A

CBC- if erythropoietin (EPO) is increased so will haemoglobin

17
Q

tests required for UTI, Pyelonephritis, KIdney stones, bladder stones, prostatisis, bladder cancer

A

UTI/Pyelonephritits- urinalysis

Kidney stones- Calcium, urate

Bladder stones- Urinalysis, crystals

Prostatitis- prostate specific antigen

Bladder cancer- Urinalysis, matrix pro

18
Q

What may decrease in function w chriocarcinoma (cancer of uterus)

A

lung function

19
Q

how could u test for ruptured tubule in etopic peg

A

Serum amylase

20
Q

What will be positive in ovarian cancers (2)

A

80-85% will see serum cancer antigen 125 (CA125) increaed

+ pelvic mass

21
Q

What is the clinical triad of polyscysitic ovarian disease

A

Irregukar menses, hursuture (hairyt face), Acanthosis nigricans (pigmentation on armpits + nape of neck)

  • Diabetes
  • cardiac disease
22
Q

When will human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) be decreased/increased

A

decreased- ectopic preg

Increased- preg, cancer