Quiz 3

Question 1

What is an achene?

Answer 1

seed and ovary wall are separate. a sunflower seed is an example.

Question 2

What are nuts?

Answer 2

large and has a bony covering (exocarp). An acorn is an example.

Question 3

What are samaras?

Answer 3

an achene with a wing, adapted for wind dispersal. Maple is an example of a tree having samars

Question 4

How does schizocarp get its name? give an example.

Answer 4

Schizo means split, and the schiocarps have split fruit (two one seeded units). an example is sweet cicely.

Question 5

What is the difference between a dehiscent and indehiscent fruit?

Answer 5

indehiscent is one seeded dry fruit that do not split at maturity, an dehiscent fruit has several to many seeds that split at maturity.

Question 6

How do legumes and follicles differ?

Answer 6

Legums split along two sutures (peas) and follicles split along one suture. (milkweed)

Question 7

How do legumes and follicles differ from capsules?

Answer 7

Legumes and follicles are highly modified whereas the capsule is a rather basic fruit.

Question 8

What is the difference between a silique and a silicle? What do they have in common?

Answer 8

Silique – long and narrow Silicle – short Found only in one family the brassicaceae

Question 9

Which dry fruits are exclusive to a single family?

Answer 9

Silique and Silicle are of the mustard family Brassicaceae.

Question 10

What family are legumes?

Answer 10

Fabaceae

Question 11

How are berries defined?

Answer 11

fleshy throughout, can contain several or one seed. Exocarp, mesocarp and endocarp are the regions of the fruit (helps differentiate). Ex. Blueberries, bananas, tomatoes

Question 12

How are drupes defined?

Answer 12

fleshy outside, fleshy middle, inside has one seed surrounded by endocarp. Ex. Plums, cherries.

Question 13

What are some possible evolutionary explanations for why drupes are so common?

Answer 13

To prevent the seed from getting digested so it can be dispersed.

Question 14

Name some things called berries that are not botanical berries (name what they actually are), and some things not called berries that are berries .

Answer 14

Raspberries, blackberries, strawberries are not botanical berries, they are aggregate fruits. Tomatoes and bananas are berries.

Question 15

What is some evidence you can look for to tell if something is a true berry?

Answer 15

If all parts of the fruit are fleshy.

Question 16

What’s special about a pepo compared to other berries?

Answer 16

They have thick leathery rinds, ex. Pumpkins (gourds)

Question 17

How do you derive aggregate fruit?

Answer 17

Aggregates are derived from a single flower with several to many pistils.

Question 18

How do you derive multiple fruit?

Answer 18

Multiples are derived from several to many individual flowers in a single inflorescence.

Question 19

How are accessory fruits derived?

Answer 19

Accessory are derived from many achenes sunken into pits on outside of enlarged receptacle. Ex strawberry

Question 20

How can you identify a pome? How is this different from a berry?

Answer 20

A pome is a simple fleshy fruit whose flesh comes from the enlarged receptacle that grows up around ovary. Ex. Apple. It’s different from a berry in that the inside is not fleshy.

Question 21

Draw a diagram to show how an inflorescence develops into an aggregate

Answer 21