Additional Pediatric Questions

Question 1

Foreign body aspiration can mimic the symptoms of what condition?

Answer 1

Croup

Question 2

When treating a healthy 3 year old for pneumonia, the NP realizes that the MOST likely cause is?

Answer 2

Respiratory virus

Question 3

Antibiotic that effectively treats atypical pathogens in pneumonia?

Answer 3

Clarithromycin

Question 4

the “summer cold” pathogen

Answer 4

Enterovirus

Question 5

the most common cause of croup

Answer 5

parainfluenza

Question 6

first line therapy for bronchiolitis in children

Answer 6

Supportive measures

Question 7

What age group is usually affected by croup?

Answer 7

6 months - 5 years old

Question 8

Croup is usually preceded by a ____?

Answer 8

URI

Question 9

What typically causes croup?

Answer 9

a virus

Question 10

How should the nurse practitioner treat a child with mild symptoms of croup

Answer 10

• oral hydration
• minimal handling
• dexamethasone (0.15 mg/kg IM)
• may DC if symp. improve < 3 hours

Question 11

Moderate to severe croup requires what treatment from the NP?

Answer 11

• humidified O2
• dexamethasone IM x1
• nebulized racemic epi
• s/s should improve within 10 - 30 minutes - or admit to hospital*

Question 12

What is epiglottitis?

Answer 12

a severe form of croup

Question 13

What pathogen causes epiglottitis?

Answer 13

Haemophilus Influenzae type B (HiB)

Question 14

The most common cause of bronchiolitis

Answer 14

RSV

Question 15

Bronchiolitis usually affects what age group?

Answer 15

< 2 years old

Question 16

If the NP suspects RSV, what should the NP order to confirm diagnosis?

Answer 16

Viral nasal swap

Question 17

According to AAP (2015), what treatments are NOT recommended for bronchiolitis?

Answer 17

• Routine RSV testing
• Chest XRAY
• Albuterol
• Corticosteroids
• Antibiotics
• Ribavirin (Antiviral med)

Question 18

What pathogen causes pertussis?

Answer 18

Bordetella Pertusis

Question 19

What diagnostic tool will confirm pertussis?

Answer 19

• Rapid Antigen (PCR) nasal swab
  OR
• nasal aspirate 1st 3 weeks of cough

Question 20

Community acquired pneumonia is commonly caused by ____ in children

Answer 20

RSV

Question 21

T/F Bacterial pneumonia is more common in children

Answer 21

FALSE - viral

Question 22

The organism responsible for most cases of acute bacterial pneumonia in children is:

Answer 22

Streptococcus Pneumoniae