Pediatric Respiratory Assessment Flashcards
What critical component of the pediatric physical exam will aid in detecting pulmonary disease? A: palpation B: auscultation C: inspection D: percussion
C: inspection
Answer: C (inspection – resp. rate and work of breathing)
What medication is important to use to during acute bronchospasms (rescue medication)?
Answer: SABA (short-acting B-agonists (relievers)
What medication is important to use to control inflammation?
Answer: Inhaled corticosteroids / Cromones; (controllers)
What medication is appropriate to use in CF patients?
Answer: nebulized antibiotics
In a patient <4 mo of age, what medication delivery technique MUST BE USED?
Answer: pressurized metered dose inhaler (pMDI) or similar spacer
What must be assessed and reviewed at each clinical visit for asthma?
Answer: delivery technique of inhaled medications
In children with respiratory illness, which finding(s) have good diagnostic accuracy in detecting hypoxemia? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY! A: tachypnea B: inconsolable C: respiratory effort D: color
Answer: All of the above
What is the MOST valuable examination finding in an older pediatric patient with pneumonia?
Answer: unilateral crackles
What are the extrapulmonary signs of intrinsic pulmonary disease in pediatric patients? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY! A: cyanosis B: altered mental status C: clubbing D: decreased PO2
A: cyanosis
B: altered mental status
C: clubbing
Answer: A, B, C (cyanosis, AMS, signs of respiratory insufficiency including growth failure, clubbing and osteoarthropathy)
What risk factors should you educate a mother of a patient with asthma? SELECT ALL THAT APPLY!
A: limit outdoor activities during high ozone levels
B: pet dander can exacerbate asthma symptoms
C: household flea infestations can increase asthma attacks
D: black mold is the only mold that requires remediation
A: limit outdoor activities during high ozone levels
B: pet dander can exacerbate asthma symptoms
Answer: A & B (household cockroach infestation, and all mold requires remediation)
What is the FOUNDATION of investigating the pediatric thorax?
Answer: Chest X-ray
When ordering CXR in pediatric patients, what should your order consist of?
Answer: both frontal and lateral views
When pleural fluid is suspected in the pediatric patient, what should the FNP order?
Answer: Lateral decubitus radiographs (helps in determining the extent and mobility of the fluid)
When a foreign body is suspected, what should the FNP order?
Answer: Forced expiratory radiographs (shows focal air trapping and shift of mediastinum to the contralateral side)
When an FNP wants to differentiate croup from epiglottitis, what should the FNP order?
Answer: Lateral neck radiographs (useful in assessing the size of adenoids and tonsils, and seeing the “thumbprint sign” associated with
epiglottitis)
