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MSK > Shoulder Anatomy > Flashcards

Shoulder Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

The scapula lies in a plane ___ to the back and ___ to the clavicle

A

30, 60

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2
Q

What type of acromion morphology is a good prognostic indicator for conservative management?

A

Type 1 Flat

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3
Q

What type of acromion morphology increases the likelihood of impingement on subscapular lig, bursa?

A

Type 2: curved

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4
Q

What type of acromion morphology is a negative prognostic indicator for conservative management and the greatest correlation with subacromial impingement syndrome?

A

Type 3: Hooked

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5
Q

The subacromial bursa deep to this ligament allows movement of deeper supraspinatus tendon?

A

Coracoacromial Ligament

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6
Q

This ligament completes scapular notch to make foramen?

A

superior transverse scapular ligament

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7
Q

This ligament a arches over suprascapular nerve (entering infraspinous fossa)?

A

inferior transverse scapular ligament

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8
Q

What the the ring of fibrocartilage attached to the margin of the glenoid cavity that deepens the cavity for increased congruence?

A

glenoid labrum

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9
Q

What is the angle of inclination of the humeral head?

A

135

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10
Q

What is the retroversion of the humeral head?

A

30

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11
Q

The gh joint stabilizer that travels from coracoid process to greater tuberosity?

A

coraco-humeral ligament

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12
Q

The 3 bands of the GH ligament (superior, middle, and inferior) are ____ in ER and ___ in IR

A

i. Taut in ER

ii. Slackened in IR

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13
Q

When shoulder positioned in 90 deg abduction, describe effect on middle and inferior fibers of GH ligament.

A
  1. Tightening of the middle and inferior fibers of the GH ligament
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14
Q

When shoulder positioned in 90 deg abduction, describe what the inferior GH ligament will resist.

A
  1. Inferior GH ligament resists anterior and posterior humeral head translation
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15
Q

T/F The Scaoulothoracic Joint is a false joint between the scapula and thoracic wall

A

True

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16
Q

What are the 4 stabilizers of the SC joint?

A

anterior SC ligament, Posterior SC ligament, interclavicular ligament, costoclavicular ligament

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17
Q

Describe arthrokinematics of the sc joint in the vertical plane.

A

Convex clavicle moving on concave sternocostal

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18
Q

Describe arthrokinematics of the sc joint in the horizontal plane.

A

concave clavicle moving on convex sternocostal

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19
Q

Why is the AC joint subject to dislocation?

A

i. Absence of interlocking articular surfaces

ii. Weakness of ligaments

20
Q

What are the 2 extra-articular ligaments supporting the AC joint?

A

i. Conoid ligament

ii. Trapezoid ligament

21
Q

What is the open pack position of the GH joint?

A

55 abd
30 hor add
slight ER

22
Q

What are the boundaries of the quadrilateral space?

A

i. Teres major
ii. Teres minor
iii. Long head of triceps
iv. Surgical neck of humerus

23
Q

What are the contents of the quadrilateral space?

A

i. The axillary nerve

ii. Posterior circumflex humeral artery

24
Q

What three motions will close the quadrilateral space?

A

Extension, abduction, ER closes space

25
Q

The rotator cuff interval lies between what tendons?

A

lies between the supraspinatus and subscapularis tendons

26
Q

The rotator cuff interval is reinforced by what ligaments?

A

Reinforced by superior glenohumeral and coracohumeral ligaments

27
Q

Adhesions in The rotator cuff interval causes the humeral head to sit in which direction?

A

Anteriorly

28
Q

The biceps pulley is a Tendoligamentous sling formed by what 3 aspects?

A

i. Superior glenohumeral ligament
ii. Coracohumeral ligament
iii. Distal attachment of the subscapularis tendon

29
Q

What stabilizes the long head of the biceps in the bicipital groove (tearing can lead to instability)?

A

The biceps pulley

30
Q

Because the GH has (1) a great degree of movement, (2) has little bony congruency, and (3) has poor elasticity of capsule, what provides rapid stability in response to external perturbation?

A

Rotator cuff

31
Q

What 3 muscles upwardly rotates the scapula?

A

Upper Trap, Lower Trap, Serratus Anterior

32
Q

What muscles posteriorly tips the scapula?

A

serratus anterior

33
Q

When the shoulder abd, the contralateral thoracic spine will move into what position during phase 3 of abduction (120-180)

A

lateral flexion

34
Q

Phase 1 of shoulder of abd (0-60 deg) uses these muscles mostly?

A

Deltoid & supraspinatus

35
Q

Because of the Locking” at 90 deg from greater tuberosity impacting superior margin of glenoid, what motions occur?

A

lateral rotation and flexion of the humerus to delay lock

36
Q

Phase 2 of shoulder abduction (60-120) uses these muscles mostly?

A

Trapezius (upper – upward rotation, lower - posterior tilting) and serratus anterior

37
Q

What muscles will check phase 2 (60-120) of shoulder abduction?

A

Checked by latissimus dorsi and inferior pec major

38
Q

Phase 3 of shoulder abduction (120-180) uses these muscles mostly?

A

Deltoid, supraspinatus, inferior trapezius, serratus anterior elevate UE

39
Q

Phase 1 of shoulder flexion (0-50) uses what muscles?

A

Anterior deltoid, coracobrachialis, and superior clavicular fibers of the pec major initiate shoulder flexion

40
Q

Phase 1 of shoulder flexion (0-50) is checked by what tension from what muscles?

A

teres major and minor, infraspinatus, and coracohumeral ligament

41
Q

Phase 2 of shoulder flexion (60-120) uses what muscles?

A

Trapezius and serratus anterior

42
Q

Phase 2 of shoulder flexion (60-120) is checked by what tension from what muscles?

A

latissimus dorsi and inferior pec major

43
Q

During phase 2 of shoulder flexion (60-120), the scapular rotates to 60 to do what?

A

orient glenoid superior & anterior

44
Q

Phase 3 of shoulder flexion (120-180) uses what muscles?

A

Deltoid, supraspinatus, inferior trapezius, serratus anterior elevate UE

45
Q

Check for what nerve with proximal humeral fractures?

A

Axillary nerve

MSK (18 decks)

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