Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Proteins > Flashcards

Proteins Flashcards

1
Q

What do proteins contain?

A

Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What monomers are proteins made up of?

A

Amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What two other elements do some proteins contain?

A

Sulphur and phosphorus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How many amino acids are there that are commonly found in tissues and cells?

A

20

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is denaturing?

A

The permanent loss of specific 3D shape of a protein molecule

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What 4 components make up the structure of an amino acid?

A

R group, amino group, carboxyl group and hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What group in amino acids is variable?

A

R group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does Zwitterion mean?

A

Amino acids can be both positive and negative charged as they have acid and base properties

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do peptide bonds form?

A

Condensation reaction between 2 amino acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What two groups does a peptide bond form between?

A

Carboxyl and amino group

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

How do you test for proteins?

A

Add sodium hydroxide and very dilute copper II sulfate and mix gently

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What colour change indicates a protein is present?

A

Blue to purple due to the presence of peptide bonds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What four structures are there of proteins?

A

Primary, secondary, tertiary and quaternary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What two things does the order and sequence of amino acids determine?

A

Shape and function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the primary structure of a protein?

A

Sequence of amino acids found in a polypeptide chain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What bonds are found in the primary structure?

A

Peptide bonds

17
Q

What is the secondary structure of a protein?

A

Polypeptide bonds form an alpha helix shape due to hydrogen bonding although pleated sheets can also occur

18
Q

What bonds occur in the secondary structure?

A

Peptide and hydrogen bonds

19
Q

What is the tertiary structure of a protein?

A

Bending and twisting of the polypeptide helix into a compact structure

20
Q

What bonds are there in the tertiary structure?

A

Peptide, hydrogen, ionic and disulphide bonds

21
Q

What is the quaternary structure of a protein?

A

Combination of a number of different polypeptide chains into a large 3D shape

22
Q

What bonds are found in the quaternary structure?

A

Peptide, hydrogen, ionic and disulphide bonds

23
Q

What effect does temperature have on proteins?

A

Breaks the hydrogen bonds destroying the 3D structure and denaturing the protein

24
Q

What effect does alcohol have on proteins?

A

Break the hydrogen bonds and alters the hydrophobic interactions ruining the 3D shape and denaturing the protein

25
Q

What is the effect of acid on a protein?

A

Hydrogen and ionic bonds break unravelling the structure so the inside parts of the structure are exposed to dorm bonds with other protein molecules that stick together and become insoluble.

26
Q

What are the two typed of proteins?

A

Globular and fibrous proteins

27
Q

What is an example of a globular protein?

A

Enzymes and haemoglobin

28
Q

What is an example of a fibrous protein?

A

Collagen

29
Q

What is the difference in function between a globular and fibrous protein?

A

Globular have metabolic functions

Fibrous have structural functions

30
Q

What is the structure of a fibrous protein?

A

Form long chains that are parallel they are linked by cross bridges to form very stable molecules

31
Q

What type of structure does collagen have?

A

Rope like

32
Q

How is collagen prevented from being weak at one point?

A

The points where the molecules start and end are spread throughout

33
Q

Where is collagen found?

A

In tendons

34
Q

Why is collagens structure good for its function?

A

It has long rope like chains which are strong but can also be stretched when a muscle contracts

35
Q

How does cross linkages increase the stability and strength of collagen?

A

Prevent the polypeptide chains from sliding past each other instead they work as one large molecule

Biology (22 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions