9.3 Pulmonary Infections Flashcards
bradykinin and prostaglandin E2- pain response Patterns of Chest X-Ray Slide: neutrophils and pink exudate Processes: A. Four Classic Phases of Lobar Pneumonia 1. congestion 2. red hepatization: live-like change due to blood 3. grey hepatization: break down of blood cells 4. resolution= type II pneumocyte regeneration B. (24 cards)
pneumonia
infection of lung parenchyma
- cough reflex
- mucociliary escalator
pleuritic chest pain
pain that arises with stretch of chest
X-Ray: Lobar Pneumonia
entire lower lobe
usually bacterial
X-Ray: bronchopneumonia
atypical (viral)
patchy
X-Ray: interstitial pneumonia
increased markings
most common of bacterial pneumonia (2)
- S. pneumoniae (95%)
2. Klebsiella Pneumoniae
klebsiella pneumoniae
aspiration of enteric flora in elderly, alcoholics, and diabetics
bronchopneumonia: morphology
scattered patchy consolidation centered around bronchioles
bronchopneumonia: cause
- staph a.
- H. flu (COPD)
- pseudomonas aer
- moraxella catarrhalis
- legionella pneumohpila (water source, silver stain)
interstitial pneumonia: morph
diffuse interstitial infiltrates
neutrophils in insterstitium, low exudate
interstitial pneumonia: symp
mild, flu like symptoms
insterstitial pneumonia: bugs
- m. pneumo
- chlamydia pneumo
- RSV (infants)
- CMV (immunosuppresive therapy)
- Influenza (elderly)
- cox burn.
secondary pneumonia
bacterial infection imposed on a pre-existing viral infection
aspiration pneumonia: morph
right lower lobe abscess
aspiration pneumonia: cause
anaerobic bacteria (bacteriodes, fusobacterium, peptococcus)
primary TB
focal caseating necrosis in the lower lobe of the lung and hilar lymph nodes
Ghon complex
TB foci undergoing fibrosis and calcification indicating exposure to primary TB
Pott Disease
spread of TB to lumbar vertebrae
secondary TB
reactivation of TB in a GHON complex (near apex of lung)
miliary TB
mini-regions of TB scattered across the lung
caseating granulomas: diff
Fungus or TB (acid-fast)
epitheliod histiocytes
characteristic of granulomas
TB: where in the brain
base of the brain
sterile pyuria
pus in the urine, appears sterile when cultured
