Chemical Level

Question 1

The Atom has….

Answer 1

Protons and Neutrons and Electrons

Question 2

Prontons

Answer 2

are large positively charged particles

Question 3

Neutrons

Answer 3

are large particles without a charge

Question 4

Electrons

Answer 4

are small negatively charged particles that orbit the nucleus or protons and neutrons

Question 5

Daltons

Answer 5

the measurement of mass of atoms

Question 6

Atomic number

Answer 6

is the number of protons in an atom

Question 7

mass number

Answer 7

the sum of protons and neutrons, and indicates how much the atom weighs

Question 8

atomic mass

Answer 8

the average mass of all naturally occurring isotopes

Question 9

the major 4 elements in the body are

Answer 9

oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen

Question 10

atoms require a certain number of electrons in their valence shells. what are they?

Answer 10

2 in the first one 8 and 8

Question 11

isotope

Answer 11

is atoms with the same number of protons but with differing neutrons

Question 12

half life

Answer 12

refers to the time it takes for half of a radioactive element to decay

Question 13

Ions

Answer 13

are atoms that have given up or gained an electron. they will have a + or - charge

Question 14

Molecules

Answer 14

are when atoms of the same type share electrons

Question 15

compounds

Answer 15

are when atoms of different types share electrons

Question 16

Free Radical

Answer 16

is an electrically charged atom or group of atoms with an unpaired electron in its outermost shell

Question 17

antioxidants

Answer 17

are substances that inactivate oxygen derived free radicals

Question 18

Cations

Answer 18

are positively charged ions. lost an electron

Question 19

Anions

Answer 19

have gained and electron making them negatively charged

Question 20

electrolyte

Answer 20

is an iconic compound that breaks apart into positive and negative ions

Question 21

covalent bonds

Answer 21

are the atoms of molecules sharing one, two, or three their valence electrons. the strongest bonds

Question 22

nonpolar covalent bond

Answer 22

atoms that share the electrons equally

Question 23

polar covalent bond

Answer 23

are formed by the unequal sharing of electrons

Question 24

Hydrogen Bonds

Answer 24

are hydrogen atoms that are attracted to opposing charged molecules, this is a loose attraction

Question 25

chemical reactions

Answer 25

occur when an electron are transferred or shared

Question 26

kinetic energy

Answer 26

is energy of matter in motion

Question 27

potential energy

Answer 27

is stored by matter due to its position in space or stored in chemical bonds.

Question 28

exergonic

Answer 28

is a chemical reaction that releases energy

Question 29

endergonic

Answer 29

is a chemical reaction that requires energy

Question 30

activation energy

Answer 30

is the energy required to break chemical bonds