Chemical level part 2

Question 1

dehydration synthesis reaction

Answer 1

when two smaller molecules join to form a larger one, a water molecule is one of the products formed

Question 2

Hydrolysis

Answer 2

when large molecules are broken down by adding water molecules

Question 3

mixture

Answer 3

is a combination of elements or compounds that are physically blended together but not chemically bonded

Question 4

in a solution

Answer 4

a substance called a solvent dissolves another substance called a solute

Question 5

Colloid

Answer 5

differs from a solution mainly because of the size of its particles, colloid particles are big enough to bend light, will appear translucent or opaque

Question 6

suspension

Answer 6

particles may mix with the liquid for a time but will eventually settle out

Question 7

concentration

Answer 7

the amount of that molecule in a solution

Question 8

percent

Answer 8

a relative mass of a solute found in a 100ml of solution

Question 9

mole

Answer 9

a convenient way of counting large numbers of small things

Question 10

Buffers

Answer 10

convert strong acids and strong bases into weaker versions by bonding with excess H+ or OH-
major buffer system in the body is Carbonic acid - bicarbonate buffer system

Question 11

Inorganic Compounds

Answer 11

structurally simple compounds that lack carbon

Question 12

Organic Compounds

Answer 12

always contain carbon and are usually large, complex molecules

Question 13

Acids

Answer 13

are the low number on the pH scale, high in H+ ions

Question 14

Bases

Answer 14

are on the high numbers of the scale, high in OH-

Question 15

Functional groups

Answer 15

are certain molecular configurations which are easy to recognize. found attached to carbon skeleton and impart certain properties

Question 16

Polymers

Answer 16

large molecules also called Macromolecules. all monomer subunits are the same

Question 17

Isomers

Answer 17

have the same molecular formulas but different structures

Question 18

Carbohydrates

Answer 18

provide most of the energy needed for life. divided into 3 major groups: monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides

Question 19

Monosaccharides

Answer 19

the simplest sugars. 5 carbon sugars uses in nucleic acids RNA
6 carbon sugars are the most recognizable in our diet

Question 20

Disaccharides

Answer 20

made by combining two mono by removing H2O molecule

Question 21

polysaccharides

Answer 21

the largest and my contain hundreds of mono’s. Glycogen is the main poly in the body, stored in the liver. when blood sugar drops liver hydrolyzes to yield glucose.