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neuro and visc > Somatic Motor Control > Flashcards

Somatic Motor Control Flashcards

1
Q

Where are UMN localised

A

CNS

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2
Q

Where are the bodies of LMN found and where do they project to?

A

Ventral grey horn. Periphery

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3
Q

What cortical later are UMN found

A

Pyramidal layer V

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4
Q

Neurotransmitters used by UMN

A

GABA

Glutamate

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5
Q

The two tracts used by UMN

A

Corticospinal

Corticobulbar

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6
Q

Describe the lay out of UMN in primary motor cortex

A

Medial areas associated with limbs
Lateral areas associated with face.

Larger cortical areas for finer movements such as hands and fingers due to more UMN needed

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7
Q

Name the cortical areas responsible for movement

A

Prefrontal : planning
Supplementary : initiation
Precentral: execution
Post central and posterior parietal: sensory perception and representation of space

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8
Q

Name the topography of body part innervation in caudate striatum
Cerebral peduncle
Cervical cord

A 
Peduncle (face becomes more medial)
And caudate
Face
Arm (int)
Trunk (int)
Leg (lat)

FATL

cervical cord
Arm (medial)
Trunk (int)
Leg (lat)

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9
Q

Which corticospinal tract carried limb info and which for trunk

Include fiber %

A

Lateral limbs 80

Anterior trunk 20

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10
Q

Briefly explain what the extra pyramidal motor tracts do

A

Retucul: posture and tone
Vestibular : posture and balance
Tectospinal: colliculus
Rubro: wrist and hands (instant DECUSSATE on at nucleus)

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11
Q

Where does the rubrospinal tract terminate at?

A

Cervical (brachial plexus)

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12
Q

Name the vestibulospinal divisions

A

Medial : neck

Lateral: lumbar region. Deep extensors of back

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13
Q

Where does the corticospinal tracts project to?

A 
Basal ganglia 
Thalamus
Red nucleus
Pontine
Reticuloformation
Inferior olive 
Pyramids
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14
Q

Vestibulospinal is unconscious but not involuntary

A

👍🏻

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15
Q

Describe the DECUSSATions of corticospinal tract

A

Lateral decusates at pyramids

Anterior decussates at level of spinal cord synapse

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16
Q

What will a LMN always cause ?

A

A contraction

17
Q

How is the topographical mm innervation lay out in spinal cord

A

Trunk and prolximal mm on anteromedio grey horn

Distal limbs more anterolateral grey horn

18
Q

Where do LMN get re organised

A

Plexus

19
Q

Describe the relationship between muscles and LMN

A

A LMN will one rate a cluster of muscle fibers meaning LMN innervating a single muscle are all grouped in columns in the anterior grey horn

20
Q

Describe the reaction process in spinal cord

A

Sensory info into the dorsal horn, synapse at interneuron , sends an efferent straight to the anterior horn.

Cause mm reflex. (No cortical efferent, but sensory info will reach brain)

THE EFFERENT REACTION WILL SYNAPSE BOTH CONTRA AND IPSI SO BALANCE CAN OCCUR DURING RELFEX ACTION

21
Q

What is a central pattern generator? And where are they found ?

A

Spinal cord and brain stream

A reflex (but not really thought as one) as we walk we are instantly balancing and moving but we don’t think about how we walk. It’s unconscious

22
Q

What occurs if lesion you dorsal horn occurs ?

A

Sensory loss and paint and temp at contra lateral side

23
Q

What occurs if a lesion to ventral horn happens

A

Loss of LMN motor output

24
Q

What is a radiating reflex and Babinski associated with ?

A

UMN DAMAGE

25
Q

What type of damage causes peripheral nerve damage ?

A

Physical or chemical

26
Q

Is LMN lesion contra or ipsi ??

A

Ipsi

27
Q

Name symptoms associated to LMN like polio

A 
Ipsilateral
Weakness or paralysis 
Flaccid muscles
Atrophy 
Reflexes reduced or abolished
28
Q

Symptoms of UMN lesion (eg stroke)

A

Weakness or paralysis
Less atrophy (LMN Infact)
Increased spacitity due to loss of inhibitory actions of UMN on LMN

Also increased or exaggerated reflexes

29
Q

Is UMN lesion ipsi or contra

A

Mainly contra in medulla, ipsi below

30
Q

Motor neuron disease (Lou gerhigs)

A

Neurodegenerative (both UMN and LMN)

Muscle atrophy
Paralysis
Cognitive functioning intact

neuro and visc (16 decks)

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